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Table 2 Energy, macronutrient, and micronutrients intake at baseline and at the end of study

From: The effects of chitosan supplementation on anthropometric indicators of obesity, lipid and glycemic profiles, and appetite-regulated hormones in adolescents with overweight or obesity: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

 

Chitosan

Placebo

P-valueb

 

Baseline

After

P-valuea

Baseline

After

P-valuea

Energy (kcal/d)

2181.43 (204.41)

1896.10 (233.05)

0.021

1961.79 (244.82)

1887.78 (311.85)

0.171

0.906

Carbohydrate (g/d)

276.95 (67.57)

271.35 (71.01)

0.754

262.18 (78.22)

262.58 (80.90)

0.177

0.433

Protein (g/d)

72.51 (19.99)

69.65 (21.96)

0.031

71.50 (14.40)

69.78 (15.31)

0.069

0.812

Fat (g/d)

59.43 (13.94)

55.65 (16.43)

0.018

55.17 (19.88)

57.94 (17.75)

0.254

0.812

SFA (g/d)

20.20 (6.11)

16.67 (5.49)

< 0.001

18.69 (4.97)

18.41 (5.66)

0.854

0.624

MUFA (g/d)

19.55 (6.77)

17.49 (6.79)

0.053

16.87 (6.96)

17.33 (6.50)

0.430

0.988

PUFA (g/d)

20.76 (8.88)

17.58 (8.06)

0.015

19.64 (8.60)

20.40 (9.03)

0.629

0.319

Cholesterol (mg/d)

182.14 (81.94)

175.85 (66.63)

0.991

183.18 (64.99)

175.46 (67.97)

0.517

0.956

Fiber (g/d)

17.92 (6.45)

17.29 (6.88)

0.094

17.74 (8.13)

17.67 (8.50)

0.419

0.891

Vitamin B12 (mcg/d)

1.47 (0.90)

1.41 (0.70)

0.621

1.37 (0.74)

1.37 (0.78)

0.894

0.415

Folate (mcg/d)

249.88 (104.34)

237.25 (97.72)

0.122

280.98 (132.91)

270.07 (133.81)

0.035

0.466

Magnesium (mg/d)

207.40 (57.45)

196.33 (56.41)

0.469

200.38 (75.90)

200.37 (64.16)

0.393

0.971

Vitamin A (RE)

945.9 (557)

1022.9 (162.8)

0.312

894.5 (490.9)

963.2 (318)

0.447

0.593

Vitamin E (mg/d)

10.4 (4.9)

8.3 (6.1)

0.036

11.4 (5)

9.8 (7.4)

0.042

0.810

Vitamin C(mg/d)

90.8 (43)

90.1 (54)

0.701

86.1 (35.3)

97.6 (33.3)

0.670

0.502

Vitamin D (mcg/d)

8.7 (6)

9.1 (3.6)

0.481

8.8 (5.3)

9.6 (5.7)

0.268

0.471

Selenium (mg/d)

60.9 (39.1)

71.8 (34.1)

0.069

68.2 (30.5)

70.3 (41.7)

0.109

0.482

Zinc (mg/d)

12.8 (3.3)

9.7 (2.7)

0.001

9.5 (4.2)

9.3 (4.8)

0.802

0.059

  1. Data are expressed as Mean (SD)
  2. PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acid, SFA Saturated fatty acid, MUFA Monounsaturated fatty acid
  3. a P value for within-group comparison of non-parametric quantitative data using Wilcoxon signed-rank test
  4. b P value for between-group comparison of non-parametric quantitative data using Mann–Whitney U-test
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BMC Pediatrics

ISSN: 1471-2431

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