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Table 3 Three-Year-Old Neurodevelopmental Outcomes According to Treatment Group

From: Impact of tight glycemic control and hypoglycemia after pediatric cardiac surgery on neurodevelopmental outcomes at three years of age: Findings from a randomized clinical trial

Outcome

Tight glycemic control

(n = 124)

Standard

care

(n = 145)

pa

Bayley-III scoresb

(n = 96)

(n = 118)

 

  Age at testing, mean ± SD, mo

37.0 ± 2.7

37.1 ± 2.6

0.93

  Composite scores, mean ± SD

   Cognitive

94.6 ± 14.7

95.7 ± 13.2

0.66

   Language

97.8 ± 19.9

99.8 ± 17.2

0.44

   Motor

89.3 ± 17.4

92.6 ± 16.9

0.19

  Subscale scores, mean ± SD

   Cognitive

8.9 ± 2.9

9.1 ± 2.6

0.66

   Receptive communication

9.9 ± 3.4

10.2 ± 2.8

0.52

   Expressive communication

9.2 ± 3.6

9.6 ± 3.3

0.36

   Fine motor

8.9 ± 3.0

9.4 ± 3.0

0.27

   Gross motor

7.5 ± 3.1

8.1 ± 3.0

0.16

ABAS-II composite scores,mean ± SDc

(n = 84)

(n = 100)

 

  General Adaptive Composite

89.2 ± 21.6

91.7 ± 19.4

0.42

  Conceptual

95.0 ± 21.2

96.5 ± 19.5

0.64

  Social

91.6 ± 20.4

95.5 ± 17.3

0.17

  Practical

85.1 ± 19.8

87.3 ± 17.0

0.42

BASC-2 composite T-scores,mean ± SDd

(n = 93)

(n = 116)

 

  Externalizing

45.7 ± 9.7

46.8 ± 9.3

0.40

  Internalizing

47.5 ± 10.2

47.6 ± 9.3

0.99

  Behavioral symptoms

46.6 ± 9.4

46.7 ± 8.6

0.98

  Adaptive skills

48.9 ± 9.7

50.4 ± 9.5

0.27

ASQ-3, at risk,n (%)e

(n = 112)

(n = 131)

 

  Communication

25 (22)

24 (18)

0.52

  Gross motor

30 (27)

30 (23)

0.55

  Fine motor

23 (21)

16 (12)

0.11

  Problem solving

28 (25)

24 (18)

0.27

  Personal-social

30 (27)

23 (18)

0.09

  1. ABAS-II Adaptive behavior assessment system, second edition, ASQ-3 Ages and stages questionnaire, third edition, BASC-2 Behavior assessment system for children, second edition, Bayley-III Bayley scales of infant and toddler development, third edition
  2. ap values for the comparison between treatment groups were calculated with the use of linear regression or stratified exact tests with adjustment for site, as appropriate
  3. b Bayley-III cognitive and language composite scores and cognitive and receptive language subscale scores were not available for 1 tight glycemic control patient. Bayley-III motor composite score and gross motor subscale score were not available for 1 tight glycemic control patient
  4. c ABAS-II general adaptive composite and social scores were not available for 1 tight glycemic control patient. ABAS-II general adaptive composite and practical scores were not available for 1 standard care patient
  5. d BASC-2 internalizing composite T-score was not available for 2 tight glycemic control patients. BASC-2 internalizing and adaptive skills composite T-scores were not available for 1 standard care patient
  6. e ASQ gross motor score was not available for 1 tight glycemic control patient