Table 1 Demographic characteristic, skin to skin contact and breastfeeding practices, Vietnam, 2021
Characteristics | n | Summary statistics (N = 1812) |
|---|---|---|
Maternal characteristics | ||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 1801 | 29.7 ± 5.1 |
Education qualification | 1805 | |
- Primary school | 25 (1.4) | |
- Secondary school | 252 (14.0) | |
- High school/intermediate degree | 982 (54.4) | |
- University/postgraduate | 546 (30.2) | |
Complication during pregnancy and at birth | 1810 | 170 (9.4) |
Place of residence classified as rural | 1749 | 801 (45.8) |
Parity, mean ± SD | 1809 | 1.9 (1.2) |
Infant characteristics | ||
Sex, male | 1806 | 929 (51.4) |
Birth weight (gram), mean ± SD | 1810 | 3212 ± 410 |
Age (month), mean ± SD | 1810 | 9.7 ± 6.8 |
C-section | 1808 | 896 (49.6) |
Hospital of birth | 1799 | |
- Central/Provincial | 1164 (64.7) | |
- District | 480 (26.7) | |
- Private | 147 (8.2) | |
- Commune | 8 (0.4) | |
Complication at birth | 1793 | |
- Required resuscitation in delivery room | 63 (3.5) | |
- Admission to NICU | 46 (2.6) | |
Skin-to-skin contact | 1811 | |
- No skin-to-skin contact | 204 (11.3) | |
- Having skin-to-skin contacta | 1607 (88.7) | |
○ < 15 min | 524 (32.7) | |
○ 15–90 min | 727 (45.4) | |
○ > 90 min | 351 (21.9) | |
Qualified skin-to-skin contact | 301 (18.8) | |
Breastfeeding practices | ||
Had a first breastfeed during skin-to-skin contact | 894 (55.7) | |
Exclusive breastfeeding | 846 (46.7) | |
-Breastfeeding | 1755 (96.9) | |
-Formula | 742 (40.9) | |
-Colostrum milk powder | 332 (18.3) | |
-Vitamin/ Medicines | 157 (8.7) | |
-Water | 74 (4.1) | |
-Fruit juices/ Honey | 11 (0.6) | |