Table 2 Descriptive statistics of perceived neighbourhood environmental attributes, parenting practices and children’s physical activity and screen time by city

 Availability of places for children’s PA [0–11]

5.8 (2.4)

5.2 (2.8)

.203

 Availability of active-play equipment [0–8]

5.1 (1.9)

5.0 (2.2)

.787

 Traffic hazards [1–4]

2.4 (0.6)

2.6 (0.7)

.048

 Signs of physical and social disorder [1–5]

1.8 (0.6)

2.2 (0.8)

.015

 Community cohesion [1–5]

3.5 (0.6)

3.4 (0.8)

.381

 Informal social control – education and supervision of children [1–5]

3.1 (0.6)

3.3 (0.8)

.035

 Informal social control – civic engagement for neighbourhood enhancement [1–5]

3.2 (0.6)

3.4 (0.8)

.035

 Parental engagement [1–5]

3.6 (0.6)

3.5 (0.6)

.747

 Restrictions for safety concerns [1–5]

1.9 (1.0)

2.7 (1.1)

<.001

 Psychological control [1–5]

1.6 (0.8)

1.7 (0.8)

.171

 Promoting inactivity [1–5]

1.9 (0.8)

1.7 (0.6)

.046

 Promoting screen time [1–5]

2.1 (0.8)

2.3 (0.8)

.018

Average weekday

 Total PA (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

128.3 (38.0)

334.6 (59.0)

<.001

 MVPA (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

53.9 (19.5)

81.5 (36.7)

<.001

 Meeting physical activity guidelines, %

10.4

79.3

<.001

 Sedentary time (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

563.4 (77.0)

388.0 (82.3)

<.001

 Accelerometer wear time (hrs/day)

11.6 (1.4)

12.0 (1.3)

.010

 Screen time (hrs/day) [parent-reported]

2.8 (2.2)

5.0 (2.8)

<.001

 Meeting screen time guidelines, %

19.5

2.4

.003

 Total PA (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

151.8 (52.6)

318.1 (85.7)

<.001

 MVPA (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

69.6 (30.8)

87.1 (48.8)

.003

 Meeting physical activity guidelines %

22.6

73.2

<.001

 Sedentary time (min/day) [accelerometer-assessed]

531.0 (96.1)

323.8 (83.6)

<.001

 Accelerometer wear time (min/day)

11.4 (1.7)

10.7 (1.9)

.009

 Screen time (hours/day) [parent-reported]

2.9 (2.1)

4.2 (2.6)

.022

 Meeting screen time guidelines

21.3

11.0

.035