Table 2 Child and caregivers’ Demographic characteristics associated with pre-hospital antibiotic use
Variable | Antibiotic use | Bivariate | Multivariatea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes n = 83 (%) | No n = 127 (%) | OR (95% CI) | P-value | aOR (95% CI) | P-value | |
Child characteristics | ||||||
 Age (months) | ||||||
  0–11 | 16 (43.2) | 21 (56.8) | 1.21 (0.59–2.47) | 0.612 | - |  |
   ≥ 12 | 67 (38.7) | 106 (61.3) |  |  |  |  |
 Gender | ||||||
  Male | 50 (42.4) | 68 (57.6) | 1.32 (0.75–2.30) | 0.338 | - |  |
  Female | 33 (35.9) | 59 (64.1) |  |  |  |  |
 Address | ||||||
  Rural | 68 (51.9) | 63 (48.1) | 4.61 (2.38–8.90) |  < 0.001 | 3.67 (1.86–7.22) |  < 0.001 |
  Urban | 15 (19.0) | 64 (81.0) |  |  |  |  |
 Nearest HF | ||||||
  Hospital | 13 (21.0) | 49 (79.0) | 0.30 (0.15–0.59) |  < 0.001 | 0.61 (0.27–1.37) | 0.226 |
  Health centre | 70 (47.3) | 78 (52.7) |  |  |  |  |
 Distance | ||||||
  ˂5 km | 62 (34.1) | 120 (65.9) | 0.17 (0.07–0.43) |  < 0.001 | 0.26 (0.10–0.68) | 0.005 |
   ≥ 5 km | 21 (75.0) | 7 (25.0) |  |  |  |  |
Caregiver characteristics | ||||||
 Age (years) | ||||||
   ≤ 30 | 45 (33.3) | 90 (66.7) | 0.49 (0.27–0.87) | 0.014 | 0.55 (0.29–1.04) | 0.066 |
  ˃30 | 38 (50.7) | 37 (49.3) |  |  |  |  |
 Gender | ||||||
  Female | 71 (36.8) | 122 (63.2) | 0.24 (0.08–0.72) | 0.007 | 0.30 (0.09–0.96) | 0.043 |
  Male | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) |  |  |  |  |
 Relation | ||||||
  Parent | 80 (41.0) | 115 (59.0) | 2.78 (0.76–10.18) | 0.169 | 3.53 (0.91–13.64) | 0.068 |
  Guardian | 3 (20.0) | 12 (80.0) |  |  |  |  |
 Education level | ||||||
   ≤ Primary | 48 (44.0) | 61 (58.0) | 1.48 (0.85–2.59) | 0.164 | 1.81 (1.00–3.29) | 0.052 |
   ≥ Secondary | 35 (34.7) | 66 (65.3) |  |  |  |  |
 Occupation | ||||||
  Employed | 23 (35.4) | 42 (64.6) | 0.78 (0.42–1.42) | 0.410 | - |  |
  Not employed | 60 (41.4) | 85 (58.6) |  |  |  |  |