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Table 6 Predictors of wasting among children under five across ecological zones

From: Disparity in prevalence and predictors of undernutrition in children under five among agricultural, pastoral, and agro-pastoral ecological zones of Karamoja sub-region, Uganda: a cross sectional study

Predictors

Pooled (n = 240)

Pastoral (n = 55)

Agro-pastoral (n = 96)

Agricultural (n = 89)

Robust

Robust

Robust

Robust

Odds Ratio [95% C.I]

P > z

Odds Ratio [95% C.I]

P > z

Odds Ratio [95% C.I]

P > z

Odds Ratio [95% C.I]

P > z

Age of household head

0.994 [0.960–1.029]

0.731

0.962 [0.896–1.034]

0.293

0.964 [0.917–1.014]

0.160

1.015 [0.975–1.058]

0.470

Number of children under five

0.894 [0.821–0.974]

0.010*

0.477 [0.149–1.528]

0.213

0.843 [0.502–1.415]

0.518

0.648 [0.247–1.700]

0.378

Age of child

0.952 [0.934–0.971]

< 0.001*

0.982 [0.919–1.049]

0.587

0.914 [0.853–0.979]

0.011*

0.902 [0.841–0.968]

0.004*

Sex of the childa

1.727 [0.829–3.598]

0.145

3.993 [0.932–17.104]

0.062

4.961 [1.545–15.933]

0.007*

0.818 [0.279–2.398]

0.714

Education level of caregiverb

1.449 [0.304–6.896]

0.641

7.205 [0.957–54.234]

0.055

0.194 [0.032–1.178]

0.075

2.640 [0.331–21.048]

0.359

Household expenses

0.474 [0.364–0.619]

< 0.001*

0.177 [0.052–0.600]

0.005*

0.548 [0.204–1.473]

0.233

0.507 [0.284–0.904]

0.021*

Age at introduction of complementary food

1.054 [0.874–1.271]

0.581

2.012 [1.114–3.633]

0.020*

0.982 [0.643–1.500]

0.934

1.006 [0.473–2.138]

0.988

Drinking water treatmentc

3.984 [2.570–6.176]

< 0.001*

6.101 [1.113–33.445]

0.037*

9.207 [2.395–35.394]

0.001*

16.344 [3.052–87.534]

0.001*

Consumption of leftover foodd

0.726 [0.395–1.334]

0.302

2.171 [0.389–12.108]

0.377

0.234 [0.073–0.750]

0.015*

0.545 [0.084–3.510]

0.523

Breastfeedinge

1.213 [0.759–1.940]

0.420

1.470 [0.317–6.805]

0.623

0.774 [0.176–3.405]

0.735

1.201 [0.296–4.877]

0.798

Washing of the child’s hand before feedingf

0.933 [0.297–2.920]

0.905

15.898 [2.154–117.311]

0.007*

0.171 [0.026–1.148]

0.069

1.535 [0.384–6.130]

0.544

Constant

3546.552 [1578.626-7967.706]

< 0.001

110,171.9 [1.308-9.28E+ 09]

0.045

30,202.38 [0.243-3.75E+ 09]

0.085

15,875.67 [2.839–8.88E+ 07]

0.028

Wald chi2(19)

47.8

 

18.08

 

27.75

 

26.98

 

Prob > chi2

0

 

0.080

 

0.004

 

0.005

 

Log likelihood

− 137.099

 

−24.775

 

−45.136

 

−45.703

 

Pseudo R2

0.171

 

0.313

 

0.321

 

0.251

 
  1. a, 1 = male, 0 = female; b, 1 = primary and above, 0 = no formal education; c, 1 = treated by boiling or tablets, 0 = not treated; d, 1 = more than 1 day, 0 = same day; e, 1 = yes, 0 = no; and f, 1 = always, 0 = rarely and never; C.I denotes confidence interval; * shows statistical significance (p < 0.05)