Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers for the determinants of birth asphyxia among newborn live births in public hospitals of Gamo and Gofa zones, Southern Ethiopia, 2021

Age of Mother

15–19

4 (4.49)

14 (5.24)

18 (5.06)

20–34

73 (82.02)

223 (83.52)

296 (83.15)

35 + 

12 (13.48)

30 (11.24)

42 (11.80)

Marital status

Married

84(94.38)

261(97.75)

345 (96.61)

Single

5(5.62)

6(2.25)

11(3.09)

Religion

Orthodox

48 (53.93)

123 (46.07)

171 (48.03)

Muslim

4 (4.49)

30 (11.24)

34 (9.55)

Protestant

37 (41.37)

114 (42.70)

151 (42.42)

Ethnicity

Gamo

62 (69.66)

138 (51.69)

200 (56.18)

Gofa

18 (20.22)

79 (29.59)

97(27.25)

Wolaita

4(4.49)

13(4.87)

17(4.78)

Amara

3(3.37)

18(6.74)

21(5.90)

Other

2(2.25)

19(7.120

21(5.90)

Residency

Rural

47(52.81)

107(40.07)

154(43.26)

Urban

42(47.19)

160(59.93)

202(56.74)

Occupation

Housewife

61(68.54)

147(55.06)

208(58.43)

Governmental Employee

16(17.98)

65(24.34)

81(22.75)

Merchant

9(10.11)

47(17.60)

56(15.73)

Daily Labor

3(3.37)

8(3.00)

11(3.09)

Gravidity

Primigravida

31(34.83)

48(17.98)

79(22.19)

Multigravida

58(65.17)

219(82.02)

277(77.81)

Parity

Primiparous

34(38.20)

54(20.22)

88(24.72)

Multiparous

55(61.80)

213(79.78)

268(75.28)

Birth spacing (in years)

 <  = 2

35 (60.34)

132 (60.27)

167 (60.29)

2

23 (39.66)

87 (39.73)

110 (39.71)

MUAC in cm

 < 23

31(34.83)

77(28.84)

108(30.34)

 >  = 23

58(65.17)

190(71.16)

248(69.66)

History of adverse pregnancy outcome

Yes

9(10.11)

22(8.24)

31(8.71)

No

80(89.89)

245(91.76)

325(91.29)

IUFD

Yes

2 (2.25)

9(3.37)

11 (3.09)

No

87 (97.75)

260 (97.38)

345 (96.91)

Preterm

Yes

4(4.49)

9(3.37)

13(3.65)

No

85(95.51)

258(96.63)

343 (96.35)

Neonatal death

Yes

3(3.37)

8 (3.00)

11(3.09)

No

86(96.63)

259 (97.00)

345 (96.91)