The effect of concurrent use of swaddle and sucrose on the intensity of pain during venous blood sampling in neonate: a clinical trial study

Table 1 Comparison of neonatal heart rate between and within study groups in baseline, during, and after blood sampling

Stages	Baseline	During blood sampling	After blood sampling
Groups	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Sucrose (n = 15)	134.00 ± 8.58	149.06 ± 10.03	141.86 ± 14.47
Swaddle (n = 15)	133.86 ± 11.52	147.33 ± 17.43	138.26 ± 17.33
sucrose swaddle (n = 15)	131.86 ± 11.02	135.80 ± 14.24^a	133.80 ± 11.43
Control (n = 15)	128.26 ± 4.83	146.06 ± 19.88	133.40 ± 9.12
P value	0.09	0.009	0.48

ISSN: 1471-2431