Table1 Distribution of households by selected socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics in Zege, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020 (n = 616)

Maternal age group (in year)

4.9,0.17

 20–24

83(26.9)

69(22.4)

 25–29

95(30.8)

82(26.6)

 30–34

72(23.4)

91(29.5)

  >  = 35

58(18.8)

66(21.4)

Head of the household

28.9, < 0.0001

 Male

242(78.6)

219(71.1)

 Female

41(13.3)

20(6.5)

 Both

25(8.1)

69(22.4)

Decision making power of women

25.9, < 0.0001

 Decide

244(79.2)

186(60.4)

 Not decide

64(20.8)

122(39.6)

Religion

0.9, 0.3

 Orthodox

290(94.2)

284(92.2)

 Muslim

18(5.8)

24(7.9)

Marital status

1.3, 0.25

 Married

306(99.4)

303(98.4)

 Single

2(0.6)

5(1.6)

Resident

2.8, 0.09

 Rural

262(85.1)

246(79.9)

 Urban

46(14.9)

62(20.1)

Educational status of mother

2.5, 0.10

 No formal education

209(67.9)

190(61.7)

 Primary and above

99(32.1)

118(38.3)

Educational status of father

0.7, 0.38

 No formal education

100(32.5)

109(35.4)

 Primary and above

199(64.6)

187(60.7)

 Mean age(SD) in month

30.86(12.596)

29.09(10.291)

16.8, 0.002

Sex of child

18, < 0.0001

 Male

205(66.6)

153(49.7)

 Female

103(33.4)

155(50.3)

Family size

0.52, 0.47

  < 5

199(64.9)

191(62.0)

  > / = 5

108(35.1)

117(38.0)

Occupation of mother

8.7, 0.032

 Housewife

272(88.3)

246(79.9)

 Merchant

18(5.8)

27(8.8)

 Employed

10(3.2)

22(7.1)

 Student

8(2.6)

13(4.2)

Occupation of father

15.2, < 0.0001

 Farmer

230(77.2)

187(63.2)

 Merchant

23(7.7)

28(9.5)

 Employed

45(15.1)

81(27.4)

Land size (in hectare)

0.1, 0.95

  < 1

46(16.7)

39(16.5)

 1–2

163(59.1)

143(60.3)

  > 2

67(24.3)

55(23.2)

Food security status of the household

13.9, < 0.0001

 Secure

213(69.2)

168(54.5)

 Insecure

95(30.8)

140(45.5)

Wealth index

4.5, 0.1

 Poor

94(30.5)

112(36.5)

 Middle

100(32.5)

105(34.2)

 Rich

114(37)

90(29.3)