Table 8 Maternal clinical and lab findings, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcome – Comparison to previous studies

Maternal tachycardia

60.5%

20-80 % (Newton et al. 1993 [1])

Fetal tachycardia

47.7%

40-70% (Newton et al.1993 [1])

White blood cells >15

45.3%

70-90 % (Newton et al. 1993 [1])

Positive blood culture for mother

12%

12% (Yoder et al. 1983 [6])

5-10% (Duff P et al. 2012 [51])

Intrapartum antibiotics

≥ 2 hours before delivery- 56%

>3 hours: 32.2 %

(Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])

Cesarian Section

45.8%

31.3% (Soper et al. 1989 [44])

36% (Yoder et al. 1983 [6])

21% (Rikert et al. 1998 [45])

41.9% (Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])

Instrumental vaginal delivery

23.4%

4.7% (Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])

Histologic chorioamnionitis

64.4%

7-85% (Holzman et al. 2007 [52])

62% (Smullen et al. 1999 [53])

Positive amniotic fluid / placental culture

22.5%

46%- amniotic fluid culture (Romero et al. 2015 [54])

Mean newborn rectal temperature at birth

37.53⁰C

Mean: 37.5 ⁰C (Shalak et al. 2005 [55])

Any resuscitation at birth

6.7%

11.5% (Liebermann et al. 2000 [49])

Neonatal respiratory distress

20.7%%

20% (Yoder et al. 1983 [6])

24.6% (Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])

Need for mechanical ventilation

1.4%

0.89% (Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])

2.5 % (Rouse et al. 2004 [56])

Culture-proven neonatal sepsis

0.96%

8% (Yoder et al.1983 [6])

1.3% (Rouse et al. 2004 [56])

0.5% (Shalak et al. 2005 [55])

0.3% (Sahni et al. 2019 [44])

2.75% (Sayyed et al. 2020 [42])

Sepsis or pneumonia

Any sepsis or pneumonia – 8.2%

Culture positive sepsis /pneumonia 12 % (Yoder et al. 1983 [6])

Presumed sepsis or pneumonia – 14.6% (Venkatesh et al. 2019 [47])