Study | Country | Sample Size(N) | Male Gender (%) | Age Mean ± SD Md (IQR) | Mortality Rate (%) | DX. | Score Mean ± SD Md (IQR) | AUC (95% CI) | Number of ICU | H-L P-value | Outcomea | SMR (95% CI) | LOS Mean ± SD Md (IQR) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[14] | ITALY | 11,109 | 75% | 68 (55–80) m | 3.9% | Case-mix | PIM-3: 6 (5–8) | PIM-3:0.88 (0.86–0.89) | 17 units | P:0.21 | P | PIM-3:0.98 (0.89–1.08) | 6.1 ± 15.5 2 (1–6) |
[10] | Australia, New Zealand Ireland, UK | 53,112 | NA | NA | NA | Case-mix | NA | PIM-3:0.88 (0.88–0.89) | 60 units | p > 0.95 | P | PIM-3:1 (0.99–1.01) | NA |
[15] | Australia New Zealand | 26,966 | NA | NA | 4.3% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3:0.93 (0.92–0.94) | 10 units | P < 0.001 | P | PRISM-3:0.77 (0.72–0.82) | NA |
[16] | Australia New Zealand | 4403 | 55.5% | 2.1 (0.6–6.6) m | 5.2% | Invasive infection | NA | PIM-3:0.77 (0.730–0.81) | NA | NA | P | NA | 4.72 ± 7.47 |
[17] | Poland | 303 | 56.7% | Md:15.9 | 6.6% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3:0.78 (0.67–0.89) | NA | P: 0.21 | P | PRISM-3:0.95 (0.68–1.23) | 8.4 (2.0) |
[18] | Portuguese | 556 | 60% | 65 (1–17) m | 5% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 5(0–46) | PRISM-3:0.92 (0.86–0.97) | Single | p: 0.282 | P | PRISM-3:0.94 (0.60–1.28) | 3 (0–155) |
[8] | Poland | 12,040 | NA | NA | 3.40% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3:0.90 (0.89–92) | 7 units | NA | P | PRISM-3:0.87 (0.79–096) | NA |
[19] | Greek | 300 | 64.6% | 49.93 ± 54.26 m | 11.1% | Case mix | NA | PRISM-3: 0.89 (0.82–0.96) | Single | P:0.989 | P | PRISM-3:0.99 (0.67–1.43) | 8.85 ± 23.28 |
[20] | UK | 10,197 | 57% | 16.8 (2.4–79.2) m | 6.2% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3: 0.82 (0.80–0.84) | 18 units | p < 0.001 | p | NA | Md:46.2 |
[21] | Belgium Netherlands Canada | 1428 | NA | 1.44 (0.3–6.4) Yr. | 4% | Case-mix | PRISM-3:8 (4–13) PIM-3: −3.5 (−4.4, −2.4) | PRISM-3:0.92 (0.91–0.92) PIM-3:0.89 (0.89–0.89) | 3 units | P:0.04 P:0.5 | p | NA | 68 ± 4.8 |
[22] | Austria | 398 | 55.8% | 29.6 (3.8–105.6) m | 13.6% | sepsis | (NA) | PRISM-3: 0.75 (0.68–0.75) PIM-3: 0.76 (0.68–0.76) | single | NA | P | NA NA | NA |
[23] | Egypt | 123 | 64.2% | 5 (1–15) Yr. | 20% | Case-mix | PRISM-3:36 (NA) | PRISM-3:0.91 (0.85–0.98) | Single | P: 0.65 | p | NA | Mdn:5 |
[24] | Egypt | 135 | 64.1% | 26.4 ± 20.8 m | 40% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 6.02 ± 5.48 | PRISM-3:0.875 | Single | NA | P | NA | NA |
[25] | Egypt | 100 | 58% | 8 (4–36) m | 17% | Case-mix | (NA) | PRISM-3: 0.98 (0.96–1.0) PIM-3:0.97 (0.87–0.99) | single | p < 0.001 p < 0.001 | H | PRISM-3: 2.11 PIM-3: 2.44 | 7(4,11) |
[26] | India | 723 | 59.1% | 26.85 m | 14.8% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3: (x > 0.86) | Single | P:0.395 | P | PRISM-3: 1.01 (0.82–1.20) | NA |
[12] | India | 350 | 56.2% | 12 (4–60) m | 39.4% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3:0.66 (0.60–0.72) PIM-3:0.72 (0.67–0.78) | Single | P:0.747 P:0.059 | P | PRISM-3:.90 (1.06–1.09) PIM-3:1.09 (0.91–1.27) | 5(2–9) |
[27] | Pakistan | 370 | 64% | 19 ± 25.8 m | 23.8% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 14 ± 7.30 | PRISM-3:0.88 (0.84–0.92) | Single | P:0.244 | P | NA | 3 ± 1 |
[28] | Thailand | 588 | 53.2% | 37.9 (9.8–105) m | 13.6% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 4(0.8–9) | PRISM-3:0.845 | single | NA | P | PRISM-3:0.98 (0.77–1.19) | 3.5 (2–7.2) |
[29] | Korea | 503 | 59% | 4.8 ± 4.6 Yr. | 19.9% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3: 0.77 (0.73–0.81) PIM- 3: 0.82 (0.79–0.85) | Single | P:0.498 P:0.333 | P | PRISM-3:NA PIM-3:1.1 (0.91–1.3) | 17.1 ± 34.5 |
[30] | Korea | 1710 | 59.2% | 1.5 (0.3–7.8) Yr. | 8.47% | Case-mix | NA | PIM-3:0.76 (0.72–0.80) | Single | 0.313 | P | NA | 3 (1–8) |
[31] | China | 852 | 60.8% | 6.5 (2–21) m | 12.5% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 11 ± 13.94 | PRISM-3:0.72 (0.67–0.78) | single | p: 0.51 | P | PRISM-3:1.14 (0.93–1.36) | 8(4–15) |
[32] | China | 1109 | NA | NA | 10.4% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3: 0.82 (0.78–0.86) | single | p: 0.61 | H | NA | NA |
[2] | USA | 3490 | 49% | 16.4 (6.2–50.4) m | 6.8% | Pulmonary hypertension | NA | PRISM-3:0.71 NA | 143 units | NA | P | NA | NA |
[33] | USA | 178 | NA | 29 day-17Yr. | 26% | Respiratory failure | Center1:19 (12–26) Center2:15 (11–21) Center3:9 (6–21) | PRISM-3:0.56 (0.46–0.66) | 3 units | NA | P | NA | 27(14–40]) 39(19–63) 25 (13–54) |
[34] | Brazil | 359 | 55% | 31 (11–94) m | 15% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 15 (8–21) | PRISM-3:0.76 (0–69–0-83) | Single | p : 0.11 | P | NA | 5 (3–10) |
[35] | Brazil | 237 | 56% | 12 (1–144) m | 39% | Case-mix | PRISM-3:19 (9–42) | PRISM-3: 0.72 (0.66–0.79) | Single | P: 0.5 | p | PRISM-3:1 (0.80–1.20) | Mean:7.5 Md:7.0 |
[36] | Argentina | 6602 | 56.1% | 20 (5–74) m | 8% | Case-mix | NA | PIM-3:0.83 (0.82–0.85) | 59 units | P < 0.001 | P | PIM-3:1.3 (1.2–1.42) | 5 (2–10) |
[37] | Iran | 221 | 57% | 30 ± 5.85 m | 21.3% | Case-mix | NA | PRISM-3:80.3 | single | P:0.80 | P | NA | NA |
[38] | Iran | 221 | 54% | 29.85 ± 35.07 m | 9.05% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 14.2 ± 9.57 | PRISM-3:0.89 (0.83–0.96) | single | P:0.161 | P | PRISM-3:1.05 (NA) | 5.16 ± 4.03 |
[39] | Iran | 90 | 73.3% | 93.6 (40.4146.7) m | 17.8% | Case-mix | PRISM-3: 10.8 ± 5.1 PIM-3: 1.97 ± 1.30 | PRISM-3:0.77 (0.71,0.83) PIM-3:0.82 (0.76,0.87) | single | P:0.79 P:0.93 | P | NA NA | 3.65 ± 3.95 |
[40] | Iran | 365 | 60.2% | 49 m | 10.4% | Case-mix | PIM-3:1.45 ± (NA) | PIM-3:0.711 (0.63–0.80) | single | P < 0.001 | P | PIM-3:7.18 (NA) | NA |
THIS study | Iran | 2446 | 5 6% | 4.21 (0.66–24.1) m | 16.1% | Case-mix | PIM-3: 2 ± 2.9 PRISM-3: 6 ± 6.5 | PRISM-3:0.82 (0.80–0.85) PIM-3:0.74 (0.71–0.77) | 6 units | P < 0.001 P:0.014 | P&H | PRISM:1.34 (1.19–1.49) PIM:1.37 (1.21–1.52) | 8(4–16) |