Table 4 Quality ratings for each study reporting on referral rate from screening step 1, grouped by the programme determinant studied

Devices

Chan et al. (2015) [40]^a

3

Govaerts et al. (2001) [41]

4

Murray et al. (2004) [42]^a

3

Deniz et al. (2020) [43]^a

3

Kishino et al. (2021) [44]^a

3

Passing criteria

Akinpelu et al. (2019) [45]

4

De Ceulaer et al. (1999), De Ceulaer et al. (2001) [46, 47]

3

Gabbard et al. (1999) [31]

3

Korres et al. (2003) [48]

4

Korres et al. (2005) [49]

4

Identification of Neonatal HI (Norton et al., 2000a, Norton et al., 2000b, Norton et al., 2000c, Sininger et al., 2000^a) [18,19,20,21]

5

Rescreening within step 1

Burdzgla et al. (2007) [50]

1

Clemens and Davis (2001) [51]^a

6

Korres et al. (2005) [49]

4

Pastorino et al. (2005) [52]

3

Shoup et al. (2005) [53]^a

6

Vernier et al. (2021) [54]

3

Infant status

Korres et al. (2005) [49]

4

Vohr et al. (1993) [55]

1

Infant age since birth (inpatient)

Arslan et al. (2013) [56]

4

Berninger and Westling (2011) [57]

5

Chung et al. (2019) [58]^a

4

Dimitriou et al. (2016) [59]

3

Hrncic et al. (2019) [60]

4

Kelly et al. (2021) [61]^a

4

Korres et al. (2003) [62]

2

Labaeka et al. (2018) [63]^a

3

Tabrizi et al. (2017) [64]

2

Vernier et al. (2021) [54]

3

Vohr et al. (1993) [55]

1

Wessex Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening Trial Group (1998) [13]

4

Infant age / Inpatient vs. outpatient

Kanji et al. (2018) [65]

2

Kolski et al. (2007) [66]

3

Olusanya et al. (2009) [67]

4

Scheepers et al. (2014) [68]

4

Uilenburg et al. (2009) [69]

3

Screening professional and experience

de Kock et al. (2016) [70]^b

5

Gallus et al. (2020) [71]

3

Stewart et al. (2000) [72]^a

3

Hospital size and setting for step 1

Fan et al. (2010) [73]^a

3

Grasso et al. (2008) [74]

4

Hergils (2007) [75]

6

Mehl and Thomson (2002) [76]^a

4

Olusanya (2010) [77]

5

Scheepers et al. (2014) [68]

4

Programme organisation

Barker et al. (2013) [78]^a

5

Park et al. (2020) [79]^b

3