Melatonin for pre-medication in children: a systematic review

BMC Pediatrics

Table 2 Outcomes reported

Outcome theme	Outcome reported	Almenrader	Ansari	Faghihian	Gitto	Impellizzeri	Isik	Kain	Khalifa	Kurdi	Ozcengiz	Samarkandi
Anxiety	Pre-operative anxiety (n=433)					0^a		-^a		+^a		0
	Behaviour during separation from parents (n=100)									+
	Post-operative anxiety (n=80)					0
	Parental anxiety (n=228)					0		0
Anaesthesia	Compliance to intravenous induction (n=460)			-		0		-		+
	Successful steal induction (n=87)	0^a
	Quality of mask induction (n=87)	0
	Required infusion of propofol (n=92)				+^a
Sedation	Sedation success (n=407)		-	-	0		-			-^a
Sedation	Time to onset of sleep (n=87)	0
Recovery	Recovery duration (n=324)	0		-								+
	Recovery score (n=197)				0							0
	Emergence behaviour (n=368)							+	0		0
	Hemodynamic variables (n=123)		0								0
	Maintenance of cognition & psychomotor skills (n=100)									+^a
Analgesia	Post-operative analgesia (n=237)			0								+
Long term follow-up	Behaviour (2-week post op) (n=105)											+

^aExplicitly stated to be the primary outcome; - Melatonin was less effective than comparator; + Melatonin was more effective than comparator; 0 Melatonin was equally as effective as comparator

ISSN: 1471-2431