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Table 2 Bacteremia model inputs: Baseline parameter values and ranges

From: Risk-stratification in febrile infants 29 to 60 days old: a cost-effectiveness analysis

Variable

Point estimate

(Range)

Probabilities

 Risk of bacteremia [7, 11,12,13, 31]

1.7%

(0.01-3.7%)

 Risk of death, delayed antibiotics in bacteremia [29,30,31]

10%

(0-25%)

Costsa

 ED visit [39]

$553

(442-664)

 Hospitalization [37]

  

  Infectious condition ruled out

$5550

(4440-6660)

  Urinary tract infection

$5382

(4305-6458)

  Bacteremia

$26,031

(20,825-31,237)

  Meningitis

$29,464

(23,571-35,357)

 Blood culture [27]

$12

(10-14)

 CBC with differential [27]

$12

(10-14)

 C-reactive protein [27]

$18

(14-22)

 Procalcitonin [27]

$36

(29-43)

 Urinalysis [27]

$4

(3-5)

 Urine culture [27]

$11

(9-13)

 Lumbar puncture [27]

$81

(65-97)

 CSF culture [27]

$12

(10-14)

 CSF gram stain [27]

$6

(5-7)

 CSF testing, other [27]

$83

(66-100)

Utilities

 Well newborn [39]

0.95

 

 Hospitalization [39]

0.88

(0.58-1.0)

 Bacteremia [24]

0.71

(0.4-1.0)

 Lumbar puncture [25]

0.1

(0.0 - 0.5)

 Disutility of death [38]

30.98

 
  1. aCosts are in 2016 U.S. dollars
  2. ED emergency department, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, CBC complete blood count