Table 1 Study population characteristics, by Body Mass Index – normal vs overweight, Nanjing
Variables | BMI | Univariate Analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal | Excessive bodyweight | Total | |||
No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | Crude OR [95%CI] | P | |
Age | |||||
≤ 12 | 232 (77) | 69 (23) | 301 (24.4) | – | |
13 | 333 (72) | 127 (28) | 460 (37.2) | 1.28 [0.91,1.8] | 0.15 |
14 | 244 (79) | 66 (21) | 310 (25.1) | 0.91 [0.62,1.33] | 0.63 |
≥ 15 | 123 (75) | 41 (25) | 164 (13.3) | 1.12 [0.72,1.75] | 0.62 |
Sex | |||||
Female | 514 (82) | 113 (18) | 627 (50.8) | – | |
Male | 418 (69) | 190 (31) | 608 (49.2) | 2.07 [1.58,2.7] | < 0.0001 |
Dietary and Exercise factors | |||||
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity | |||||
≤ 30 min/d | 600 (78) | 172 (22) | 772 (62.5) | – | |
> 30 min/d | 332 (72) | 131 (28) | 463 (37.5) | 1.38 [1.06,1.79] | 0.018 |
Sweeten food | 1.02 [0.91,1.15] | 0.72 | |||
Never | 232 (75) | 76 (25) | 308 (24.9) | ||
1–2 times/month | 278 (77) | 83 (23) | 361 (29.2) | ||
1–2 times/week | 250 (74) | 89 (26) | 339 (27.4) | ||
2–3 times/week | 114 (75) | 39 (25) | 153 (12.4) | ||
Every day | 36 (77) | 11 (23) | 47 (3.8) | ||
Unknown | 22 (81) | 5 (19) | 27 (2.2) | ||
BBQ and fried food | 1.19 [1.04,1.36] | 0.012 | |||
Never | 389 (78) | 109 (22) | 498 (40.3) | ||
1–2 times/month | 358 (75) | 117 (25) | 475 (38.5) | ||
1–2 times/week | 106 (71) | 43 (29) | 149 (12.1) | ||
2–3 times/week | 46 (70) | 20 (30) | 66 (5.3) | ||
Every day | 10 (59) | 7 (41) | 17 (1.4) | ||
Unknown | 23 (77) | 7 (23) | 30 (2.4) | ||
Snacks | 0.98 [0.89,1.09] | 0.77 | |||
Never | 188 (73) | 68 (27) | 256 (20.7) | ||
1–2 times/month | 213 (76) | 66 (24) | 279 (22.6) | ||
1–2 times/week | 256 (77) | 78 (23) | 334 (27) | ||
2–3 times/week | 148 (75) | 50 (25) | 198 (16) | ||
Every day | 96 (75) | 32 (25) | 128 (10.4) | ||
Unknown | 31 (78) | 9 (23) | 40 (3.2) | ||
Family factors | |||||
Economic status | 0.76 [0.6,0.97] | 0.03 | |||
Lower | 409 (73) | 148 (27) | 557 (45.1) | ||
Medium | 407 (78) | 117 (22) | 524 (42.4) | ||
Higher | 33 (87) | 5 (13) | 38 (3.1) | ||
Unknown | 83 (72) | 33 (28) | 116 (9.4) | ||
Father’s BMI | |||||
Normal | 517 (80) | 131 (20) | 648 (52.5) | – | |
Overweight | 271 (68) | 126 (32) | 397 (32.1) | 1.93 [1.34,2.79] | < 0.0001 |
Underweight | 31 (79) | 8 (21) | 39 (3.2) | 0.78 [0.46,1.31] | 0.96 |
Unknown | 113 (75) | 38 (25) | 151 (12.2) | ||
Mother’s BMI | |||||
Normal | 643 (77) | 187 (23) | 830 (67.2) | – | |
Overweight | 98 (64) | 55 (36) | 153 (12.4) | 1.83 [1.38,2.44] | < 0.0001 |
Underweight | 84 (82) | 19 (18) | 103 (8.3) | 1.02 [0.46,2.27] | 0.35 |
Unknown | 107 (72) | 42 (28) | 149 (12.1) | 0.13 | |
Parents’ encouragement for exercise | |||||
Less encourage | 473 (74) | 162 (26) | 635 (51.4) | – | |
More encourage | 401 (77) | 120 (23) | 521 (42.2) | 0.88 [0.67,1.17] | 0.38 |
Unknown | 58 (73) | 21 (27) | 79 (6.4) | ||
Father fitness time | |||||
Shorter | 469 (76) | 145 (24) | 614 (49.7) | – | |
Longer | 273 (75) | 90 (25) | 363 (29.4) | 1.02 [0.76,1.36] | 0.92 |
Unknown | 190 (74) | 68 (26) | 258 (20.9) | ||
Mother fitness time | |||||
Shorter | 459 (76) | 146 (24) | 605 (49) | – | |
Longer | 391 (75) | 133 (25) | 524 (42.4) | 1.05 [0.8,1.37] | 0.74 |
Unknown | 82 (77) | 24 (23) | 106 (8.6) | ||
Father smoking | |||||
No | 346 (80) | 87 (20) | 433 (35.1) | – | |
Yes | 552 (73) | 202 (27) | 754 (61.1) | 1.46 [1.09,1.94] | 0.01 |
Unknown | 34 (71) | 14 (29) | 48 (3.9) | ||
Mother smoking | |||||
No | 858 (76) | 270 (24) | 1128 (91.3) | – | |
Yes | 8 (67) | 4 (33) | 12 (1) | 1.59 [0.47,5.32] | 0.45 |
Unknown | 66 (69) | 29 (31) | 95 (7.7) | ||
Satisfaction towards living environment | |||||
Less satisfied | 165 (73) | 61 (27) | 226 (18.3) | – | |
More satisfied | 740 (76) | 231 (24) | 971 (78.6) | 0.85 [0.61,1.18] | 0.33 |
Unknown | 27 (71) | 11 (29) | 38 (3.1) | ||
Parents’ satisfaction towards living environment | |||||
Less satisfied | 159 (75) | 54 (25) | 213 (17.2) | – | |
More satisfied | 710 (76) | 220 (24) | 930 (75.3) | 0.88 [0.64,1.23] | 0.46 |
Unknown | 63 (68) | 29 (32) | 92 (7.4) | ||
Environmental factors | |||||
Bus stops | |||||
≤ 20 | 88 (76) | 28 (24) | 116 (9.4) | – | |
> 20 | 844 (75) | 275 (25) | 1119 (90.6) | 0.98 [0.62,1.53] | 0.92 |
Scenic spots | |||||
0–3 | 236 (76) | 73 (24) | 309 (25) | – | |
> 3 | 696 (75) | 230 (25) | 926 (75) | 1.07 [0.79,1.44] | 0.67 |
Sport venues | |||||
No | 97 (68) | 46 (32) | 143 (11.6) | – | |
Yes | 835 (76) | 257 (24) | 1092 (88.4) | 0.65 [0.44,0.95] | 0.025 |
Casual spots | |||||
No | 84 (81) | 20 (19) | 104 (8.4) | – | |
Yes | 848 (75) | 283 (25) | 1131 (91.6) | 1.4 [0.85,2.32] | 0.19 |
Food spots (median) | 198 [0,2087] | 216 [0,2179] | 207 [0,2179] | 1 [1,1] | 0.27 |
Total | 932 (75) | 303 (25) | 1235 | ||