Table 3 Summary of patients’ site of infection, pathogen isolated, treatment regimen, surgery and outcome

1

Proximal Tibia

Clostridium tertium and Clostridium difficile

IV Cloxacillin (5)

IV Tazocin (5)

IV Vancomycin (6)

IV Crystalline Penicillin (90)

IV Metronidazole (90)

Oral Metronidazole (180)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (5)

Recurrent discharge

2

Distal Tibia

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

IV Meropenem (3)

IV Polymyxin (84)

IV Ticarcillin (160)

Oral Moxifloxacin (180)

Oral Minocycline (184)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (5)

*Complete resolution

3

Distal Femur

Unable to discern

IV Cloxacillin (5)

IV Clindamycin (5)

IV Ceftazidime (6)

Oral Ciprofloxacin (21)

Oral Cotrimoxazole (21)

None

Death (unrelated to OM)

4

Tarsal and Metatarsals

Unable to discern

IV Cloxacillin (3)

IV Tazocin (7)

IV Vancomycin (4)

Oral Cloxacillin (42)

Oral Fluconazole (15)

None

Palliative care for underlying osteosarcoma

5

Proximal Tibia

Unable to discern

N.A.

IV Clindamycin (43)

Oral Cotrimoxazole (74)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

Death (unrelated to OM)

6

Humerus

Unable to discern

N.A.

IV Clindamycin (42)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

Death (unrelated to OM)

7

Proximal Tibia

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

N.A.

IV Vancomycin (14)

IV Clindamycin (30)

Oral Clindamycin (14)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

*Complete resolution

8

Distal Femur

Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

N.A.

IV Cloxacillin (27)

Oral Rifampicin (39)

Oral Cefalexin (14)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

*Complete resolution

9

Phalanx of Hand

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

IV Co-amoxiclav (1)

IV Cloxacillin (3)

Oral Rifampicin (365)

Oral Isoniazid (365)

Oral Pyrazinamide (60)

Oral Ethambutol (60)

None

Death (unrelated to OM)

10

Distal Femur

Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)

IV Cloxacillin (7)

Oral Cefalexin (35)

Oral Rifampicin (158)

Oral Ethambutol (158)

Oral Levofloxacin (158)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

Poor bone growth

11

Base of Skull

Rhizopus species

IV Tazocin (30)

IV Amikacin (12)

IV Meropenem (4)

IV Caspofungin (4)

IV Voriconazole (9)

IV Amphotericin/ Ambisome (327)

Oral Posaconazole (215)

Examination under Anaesthesia

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Craniotomy and Debridement

Poor bone growth

12

Distal Femur

Burkholderia pseudomallei

IV Ceftriaxone (13)

IV Metronidazole (1)

IV Co-amoxiclav (14)

IV Ceftriaxone (14)

Oral Co-amoxiclav (180)

Oral Cotrimoxazole (180)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

Poor bone growth

13

Proximal Fibula

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

N.A.

IV Ciprofloxacin (6)

Oral Ciprofloxacin (34)

IV Ceftazidime (28)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (1)

Poor bone growth

14

Talus

Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)

IV Cloxacillin (3)

IV Amikacin (16)

Oral Rifampicin (252)

Oral Isoniazid (252)

Oral Pyrazinamide (25)

Oral Ethambutol (252)

Incision and drainage/ Curettage (2)

Poor bone growth