Table 2 Average Scores (SD) of Asthma-Related Symptoms, Limitations of School and Family Activities, and Families’ Emotional Health at Baseline and 6-Month Follow-up of the HSTAP from CHSA in parents between 2015 and 2018 (n = 351)

 Shortness of breath

79.9 (21.4)

91.7 (15.0)

< 0.01^*

 Chest tightness

84.4 (21.6)

93.4 (13.4)

< 0.01^*

 Wheezing without a cold

82.9 (22.7)

91.6 (15.6)

< 0.01^*

 Wheezing with a cold

75.8 (27.1)

93.3 (14.4)

< 0.01^*

 Coughing

64.7 (27.4)

80.5 (20.3)

< 0.01^*

 Difficulty sleeping due to symptom

72.4 (28.8)

91.1 (17.5)

< 0.01^*

 School gym participation

89.5 (20.3)

93.8 (13.9)

< 0.01^*

 Sports and running

88.3 (22.0)

93.3 (14.3)

< 0.01^*

 Family social plan

89.5 (20.6)

91.6 (18.8)

0.02^*

 Outdoor activities

81.2 (26.8)

91.4 (18.9)

< 0.01^*

 Loss of sleep

91.2 (15.0)

94.0 (12.7)

< 0.01^*

 Missing school or work

96.1 (11.0)

97.1 (10.2)

0.04^*

 Doubts about therapy

64.4 (28.0)

70.2 (24.2)

< 0.01^*

 Not confident in handling asthma attack

57.5 (27.5)

60.8 (23.1)

0.04^*

 Losing hope of getting better

74.0 (27.8)

83.9 (20.4)

< 0.01^*

 Worry about medical cost

69.8 (29.0)

78.3 (26.8)

< 0.01^*

 Worry about care quality

72.8 (28.0)

82.5 (24.9)

< 0.01^*

 Worry about social isolation

61.4 (31.9)

70.6 (30.1)

< 0.01^*