| Medical Care | Design Effect | Self-Care or Traditional healer | Design Effect | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | RRR (95 % CI ) | P-value | DEFF | DEFT | RRR (95 % CI ) | P-value | DEFF | DEFT |
Child Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
4 years (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
3 years | 0.998 (0.621 -1.602) | 0.992 | 1.166 | 1.079 | 0.709 (0.283 - 1.778) | 0.463 | 1.094 | 1.046 |
2 years | 1.498 (0.952 - 2.359) | 0.081 | 1.209 | 1.099 | 0.720 (0.282 - 1.835) | 0.490 | 1.160 | 1.077 |
1 year | 1.928 (1.276 - 2.915)** | 0.002 | 1.108 | 1.053 | 0.486 (0.179 - 1.319) | 0.157 | 1.273 | 1.128 |
less than 1 year | 1.520 (0.973 - 2.372) | 0.066 | 1.171 | 1.082 | 0.527 (0.226 - 1.225) | 0.137 | 1.047 | 1.023 |
Child Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 0.967 (0.748 - 1.249) | 0.800 | 1.261 | 1.123 | 0.726 (0.421 - 1.254) | 0.251 | 1.091 | 1.045 |
Place of residence | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Urban (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Rural | 0.840 (0.577 - 1.223) | 0.362 | 1.366 | 1.169 | 1.346 (0.597 - 3.037) | 0.474 | 1.223 | 1.106 |
Maternal Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
15-19 years (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
20-24 years | 1.063 (0.565 - 2.001) | 0.849 | 1.125 | 1.061 | 0.583 (0.110 - 3.078) | 0.524 | 1.632 | 1.277 |
25-29 years | 1.308 (0.677 - 2.525) | 0.423 | 1.179 | 1.086 | 0.839 (0.153 - 4.577) | 0.839 | 1.703 | 1.305 |
30-34 years | 1.037 (0.513 - 2.092) | 0.920 | 1.253 | 1.119 | 1.171 (0.217 - 6.309) | 0.854 | 1.656 | 1.287 |
35-39 years | 1.414 (0.706 - 2.833) | 0.328 | 1.156 | 1.075 | 0.824 (0.129 - 5.255) | 0.838 | 1.689 | 1.299 |
40-44 years | 1.404 (0.659 - 2.991) | 0.378 | 1.149 | 1.072 | 0.164 (0.211 - 2.046) | 0.160 | 1.395 | 1.181 |
45-49 years | 0.768 (0.299 - 1.977) | 0.583 | 1.147 | 1.071 | 1.499 (0.205 - 10.932) | 0.690 | 1.434 | 1.198 |
Marital Status - Mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Married (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Common-law | 0.777 (0.522 - 1.156) | 0.211 | 1.360 | 1.660 | 2.542 (0.437 - 14.803) | 0.527 | 1.412 | 1.188 |
Widowed/divorced/separated | 0.636 (0.377 - 1.073) | 0.090 | 1.284 | 1.133 | 1.335 (0.546 - 3.267) | 0.137 | 1.261 | 1.123 |
Never-in-union | 1.459 (0.726 - 2.933) | 0.288 | 1.219 | 1.104 | 1.955 (0.808 - 4.727) | 0.299 | 1.346 | 1.160 |
Religion - Mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Christian (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Islam | 0.970 (0.643 - 1.461) | 0.885 | 1.284 | 1.133 | 0.740 (0.278 - 1.970) | 0.546 | 1.047 | 1.024 |
Traditional | 0.539 (0.220 - 1.319) | 0.176 | 0.952 | 0.976 | 1.830 (0.602 - 5.562) | 0.286 | 1.086 | 1.042 |
Other | 0.613 (0.320 - 1.175) | 0.147 | 1.272 | 1.128 | 0.905 (0.318 - 2.572) | 0.851 | 1.073 | 1.036 |
No religion | 1.701 (0.511 - 5.667) | 0.387 | 1.550 | 1.245 | 1.517 (0.165 - 13.953) | 0.712 | 0.997 | 0.998 |
Highest level of Education - Mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No formal education (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Primary | 0.956 (0.658 - 1.387) | 0.815 | 1.399 | 1.183 | 1.191 (0.604 - 2.347) | 0.614 | 1.085 | 1.042 |
Secondary or High School | 1.051 (0.722 - 1.530) | 0.792 | 1.424 | 1.193 | 1.390 (0.592 3.263) | 0.449 | 1.367 | 1.169 |
Higher education | 1.784 (0.549 - 5.801) | 0.334 | 1.547 | 1.244 | 0.000 (0.000 - 0.000)*** | 0.000 | 1.421 | 1.192 |
Employment status - Mother | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Unemployed (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Employed | 1.815 (1.202 - 2.740)** | 0.005 | 1.397 | 1.161 | 2.159 (0.719 - 6.482) | 0.170 | 1.162 | 1.078 |
Health Insurance status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Uninsured (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Insured | 2.681 (1.801 - 3.989)*** | 0.000 | 1.196 | 1.094 | 0.490 (0.142 - 1.686) | 0.257 | 1.589 | 1.261 |
Sex of Household head | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 0.874 (0.628 - 1.217) | 0.424 | 1.347 | 1.161 | 0.961 (0.502 - 1.838) | 0.903 | 1.121 | 1.059 |
Household wealth | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Poorest (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Poorer | 1.225 (0.839 - 1.789) | 0.293 | 1.172 | 1.082 | 0.794 (0.363 - 1.631) | 0.529 | 1.295 | 1.138 |
Middle | 2.186 (1.473 - 3.243)*** | 0.000 | 1.246 | 1.116 | 0.532 (0.226 - 1.251) | 0.148 | 1.173 | 1.083 |
Richer | 1.908 (1.145 - 3.180)* | 0.013 | 1.378 | 1.174 | 1.024 (0.377 - 2.785) | 0.962 | 1.326 | 1.152 |
Richest | 2.456 (1.363 - 4.424)** | 0.003 | 1.264 | 1.124 | 0.701 (0.180 - 2.731) | 0.609 | 1.367 | 1.169 |
DHS Period | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1993 GDHS (ref) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
1998 GDHS | 0.426 (0.240 - 0.758)** | 0.004 | 1.397 | 1.182 | 0.330 (0.142 - 0.765)** | 0.010 | 1.061 | 1.030 |
2003 GDHS | 0.973 (0.543 - 1.745) | 0.933 | 1.274 | 1.129 | 0.195 (0.071 - 0.535)** | 0.002 | 1.066 | 1.033 |
2008 GHDS | 0.748 (0.394 - 1.423) | 0.379 | 1.312 | 1.146 | 0.216 (0.068 - 0.685)** | 0.009 | 1.069 | 1.034 |
2014 GDHS | 0.509 (0.257 - 1.011) | 0.054 | 1.267 | 1.126 | 0.230 (0.081 - 0.657)** | 0.006 | 0.975 | 0.987 |
CI = Confidence Interval, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05 |