Table 1 Demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment characteristics of children included in the MISCO Study
Demographic characteristics | n = 78 |
|---|---|
Age in years, median (IQR) | 7 (1 - 11) |
Male sex, n (%) | 46 (59) |
Origin according to altitude, n(%) | |
> 1,500 MASL | 69 (88.5) |
< 1,500 MASL | 9 (11.5) |
Nutritional status, n (%) | |
Obesity | 23 (29.5) |
Overweight | 6 (7.7) |
Normal | 45 (57.7) |
Undernutrition | 4 (5.1) |
Days in PICU, median (IQR) | 6 (4 – 7) |
Death, n (%) | 7 (9) |
Days from onset of symptoms to admission to PICU (IQR) | |
Survivors | 5 (1-92) |
No survivors | 6 (3-12) |
Clinical characteristics | |
Days from onset of symptoms and test, median (IQR) | 4 (3 – 5) |
Days of fever, median (IQR) | 5 (3.75 – 6) |
Organ involvement | |
Skin and mucous membranes, n (%) | |
Lips/tongue | 17 (22) |
Hand/foot edema | 34 (44) |
Conjunctival injection | 23 (29.5) |
Gastrointestinal, n(%) | |
Diarrhea | 55 (70.5) |
Vomiting | 58 (74) |
Abdominal pain | 55 (70.5) |
Neurological disorders, n (%) | |
Headache | 17 (22) |
Cardiovascular | |
Shock | 68 (87) |
Hypotension | 61 (78) |
Cardiac dysfunction ₸ | 14 (19) |
Coronary artery dilation or aneurysms₸ | 27 (35) |
Mitral regurgitation₸ | 16 (21) |
Aortic regurgitation₸ | 2 (2.5) |
Pericardial effusion₸ | 27 (36) |
Arrhythmias | 5 (6) |
Elevated troponin | 38/75 (51) |
Elevated proBNP (> 400 pg/m) | 27/33 (82) |
Renal, n (%) | |
Acute kidney injury | 23 (29) |
Respiratory | |
Lower PaO2/FiO2, median (IQR)** | 152 (98 - 260) |
Higher oxygenation index, median (IQR) *** | 14 (8.7 – 25.5) |
Hematological, n(%) | |
Elevated D-dimer > 3,000 ng/ml | 41 (55) |
Anemia | 36 (46) |
Thrombocytopenia† | 28 (36) |
Lymphopenia* | 50 (64) |
Elevated PTT | 15 (19) |
Elevated PT | 8 (10) |
Other, n(%) | |
Cervical lymphadenopathy > 1.5 cm | 18 (23) |
SARS COV-2 Labs, n (%) | |
Positive PCR | 52 (67) |
Positive antigen | 1 (1) |
Negative PCR/Positive serology | 15 (19) |
Positive serology | 10 (13) |
Treatment | |
Immunoglobulin | 71 (91%) |
Immunomodulator (eculizumab) | 1 (1%) |
Steroids | 55 (70.5%) |
Antivirals (Lopinavir) | 1 (1%) |
Antiplatelet drugs | 34 (44%) |
Anticoagulants | 34 (44%) |
Vasoactive drugs, n (%) | 59 (76%) |
Days of vasoactive drug use, median (IQR) | 3 (2-5) |
Vasoactive -Inotropic score(VIS), median (IQR) | 21 (10 – 35) |
Respiratory support¶ | |
HFNC | 24 (31%) |
NIV | 3 (4%) |
Conventional MV | 22 (28%) |
HFOV | 5 (6.4%) |
Dialysis (RRT) | 9 (11.5%) |