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Table 1 Characteristics of mothers and children in the intervention and the control group

From: Body mass index and physical activity in seven-year-old children whose mothers exercised during pregnancy: follow-up of a multicentre randomised controlled trial

 

Intervention (n = 164)

Control (n = 117)

 

Mean

(SD)

Mean

(SD)

p value

Maternal characteristics at baseline

 Age, years

30.5

(3.9)

30.7

(4.2)

0.755

 Age > 40 years, n (%)

3

(1.8)

2

(1.7)

1.000

 Height, cm

168.8

(5.5)

168.3

(6.1)

0.447

 Weight, kg

69.4

(9.3)

69.6

(10.0)

0.863

 BMI, kg/m2

24.3

(2.8)

24.6

(3.2)

0.522

 Pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m2, n (%)

29

(17.7)

20

(17.1)

0.898

 SES

4.0

(0.8)

4.1

(0.8)

0.502

 Exercise sessions per week

1.9

(1.4)

1.7

(1.4)

0.160

 Diabetes in near familya, n (%)

13

(8.3)

13

(12.4)

0.277

 Parity, n (%)

  0

96

(58.5)

63

(53.8)

 

  1

51

(31.1)

38

(32.5)

0.369

  2 or more

17

(10.4)

16

(13.7)

 

 Birth weight of previous child ≥4500 g, n (%)

3

(1.8)

1

(0.9)

0.643

Child characteristics at birth

 Gestational age, weeks

39.9

(1.7)

40.1

(1.3)

0.292

 Birth weight, g

3477

(608)

3580

(440)

0.102

 Lengthb, cm

49.7

(2.8)

50.2

(1.8)

0.154

 Head circumferencec, cm

34.9

(1.8)

35.3

(1.4)

0.047

 Male sex, n (%)

96

(58.5)

52

(44.4)

0.020

 Older siblings, n (%)

68

(41.5)

54

(46.2)

0.434

 Vaginal delivery, n (%)

143

(87.2)

104

(88.9)

0.668

 Prematurity, n (%)

7

(4.3)

3

(2.6)

0.530

 Admitted to NICUd, n (%)

6

(3.7)

1

(0.9)

0.245

Age at follow-up, years

7.4

(0.3)

7.4

(0.3)

0.294

  1. BMI body mass index, SES socioeconomic status (range 1–5, where 5 is highest), SD standard deviation, NICU neonatal intensive care unit
  2. aMissing data for seven mothers in the intervention group and 12 mothers in the control group
  3. bMissing data for five children in the intervention group and six children in the control group
  4. cMissing data for one child in the intervention group
  5. dMissing data for three children in the intervention group and two children in the control group