Arterial health during early childhood following abnormal fetal growth

BMC Pediatrics

Table 2 Arterial morphology, function and blood pressure at 5y follow-up

	AGA (N = 48)		SGA (N = 23)		LGA (N = 19)		p-value
Arterial structure
Common carotid artery LD (mm)	4.59	±0.28	4.38^**	±0.27	4.71	±0.27	< 0.001
Common carotid artery IMT (mm)	0.33	±0.04	0.33	±0.03	0.33	±0.04	0.762
Brachial artery LD (mm)	2.36	±0.24	2.12^**	±0.31	2.44	±0.32	< 0.001
Brachial artery IMT (mm)	0.10	0.09;0.10	0.09^**	0.08;0.09	0.10	0.09;0.10	0.009
Brachial artery AT (mm)	0.10	±0.02	0.10	±0.01	0.10	±0.02	0.650
Radial artery LD (mm)	1.44	±0.16	1.36^*	±0.15	1.49	±0.11	0.009
Radial artery IMT (mm)	0.09	0.09;0.10	0.09	0.09;0.10	0.09	0.09;0.10	0.935
Radial artery AT (mm)	0.07	±0.01	0.07	±0.01	0.07	±0.01	0.914
Femoral artery LD (mm)	4.19	3.91;4.46	3.93^***	3.48;4.07	4.20	3.89;4.60	0.001
Femoral artery IMT (mm)	0.17	0.16;0.19	0.16	0.15;0.18	0.18	0.15;0.21	0.064
Femoral artery AT (mm)	0.17	0.16;0.19	0.16	0.14;0.18	0.18	0.16;0.19	0.081
Arterial function
CBSI (no unit)	2.22	2.02;2.46	2.26	2.10;2.75	2.55	2.11;2.97	0.124
CDC (%/10mm Hg)	12.9	±2.6	12.5	±3.3	11.8	±2.6	0.333
CWS (mmHg)	515	±79	503	±77	523	±85	0.712
Carotid-femoral PWV (m/s)	5.0	4.5;5.4	4.7	4.1;5.2	4.9	4.6;5.2	0.335
Carotid-radial PWV (m/s)	7.4	6.2;8.8	7.2	6.8;8.9	6.8	6.3;8.1	0.451
Blood pressure
Systolic BP (mmHg)	101	±7	102	±10	100	±6	0.790
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	60	57;65	58	56;65	58	55;62	0.780
Systolic BP (Z-score)	0.65	±0.67	0.85	±0.88	0.53	±0.66	0.334
Diastolic BP (Z-score)	0.31	0.00;0.95	0.36	0.15;0.99	0.28	-0.08;0.061	0.538
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)	74	±5	74	±7	72	±6	0.623
Heart rate (bpm)	84	±12	83	±11	81	±8	0.514

AGA appropriate for gestational age, AT adventitia thickness, BP blood pressure, CBSI common carotid beta stiffness index, CDC common carotid distensibility coefficient, CWS common carotid artery wall stress, IMT intima-media thickness, LD lumen diameter, LGA large for gestational age, PWV pulse wave velocity, SGA small for gestational age. Data are given as mean ± SD or median and Q1; Q3 for normally and non-normally distributed data, respectively. p-values correspond to ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriate. Significant differences in post-hoc tests (Dunnet and Mann-Whitney U) between the SGA or LGA groups and the AGA group are indicated with ^*, ^**, ^*** corresponding to significance levels of < 0.05, < 0.01, and < 0.001 respectively.

ISSN: 1471-2431