Table 1 Demographic and surgical presentation of the included patients

Demographics

  Age at surgery, months, median (IQR)

12.5 (7.0, 40.5)

20.0 (8.0, 55.0)

6 (3, 11.0)

< 0.001

  4–12 months, n (%)

30 (35.7)

21 (31.3)

9 (52.9)

  ≤ 4 months, n (%)

12 (14.3)

6 (9.0)

6 (35.3)

  Male, n (%)

49 (58.3)

42 (62.7)

7 (41.2)

0.108

  Weight, kg, median (IQR)

9.0 (6.5, 14.0)

11.0 (7.7, 16.5)

6.0 (5.65, 7.40)

< 0.001

  LVEF, %, median (IQR)

55.0 (25.0, 65.8)

60.0 (37.0, 68.0)

18.0 (15.9, 22.5)

< 0.001

  LVEF ≤50%, n (%)

42 (50.0)

23(34.3)

17(100)

< 0.001

  LVEF ≤25%, n (%)

23 (27.4)

9 (13.4)

14 (82.4)

  LVEDD, mm, median (IQR)

40.5 (36.3, 45.0)

40.0 (37.0, 45.0)

41.0 (35.5, 46.0)

0.668

Mitral regurgitation, n (%)

0.121

  None/trivial

21 (25.0)

16 (23.9)

5(29.4)

  Mild

21 (25.0)

15(22.4)

6(35.3)

  Moderate

20 (23.8)

15(22.4)

5(29.4)

  Severe

22 (26.2)

21(31.3)

1(5.9)

  Serum creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR)

0.31 (0.26, 0.40)

0.31 (0.27, 0.41)

0.32 (0.22, 0.35)

0.28

  Albumin, g/dL, mean (SD)

43.9 ± 3.1

44.0 ± 3.3

43.9 ± 2.4

0.932

  CK-MB, U/L, median (IQR)

25.0 (19.3, 35.0)

24.0 (19.0, 33.0)

38.0 (23.0 70.5)

0.001

Therapy prior to surgery, n (%)

  β-blocker

1 (1.2)

1(100)

0 (0)

–

  ACEI

6 (7.1)

5 (7.5)

1 (5.9)

1.0

  Diuretics

32 (38.1)

21 (31.3)

11 (64.7)

0.011

  Digoxin

17 (20.2)

14 (20.9)

3 (17.6)

1.0

Surgical data

  Reconstruction of mitral valve, n (%)

41(48.8)

37 (55.2)

4 (23.5)

0.02

  Cardiopulmonary bypass, min, median (IQR)

111.0 (93.3, 138.5)

111.0 (92.0, 139.0)

109.0 (94.5, 142.5)

0.789

  Cardiopulmonary bypass ≥120 min, n (%)

32 (38.1)

24 (35.8)

8 (47.1)

0.394

  Crossclamp time, min, median (IQR)

69.0 (55.3, 86.0)

70.0 (57.0, 90.0)

67.0 (47.0, 82.0)

0.268