Traditional Mongolian swaddling and developmental dysplasia of the hip: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Pediatrics

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants by study groups

Characteristics	Non-swaddling N = 40 n(%)	Swaddling N = 40 n(%)	P
Mean age in days at screening (mean ± SD)	1.1 ± 0.14	1.0 ± 0.13	0.53
Girls^a	32(80.0)	34(85.0)	0.56
Breech position^b	1(2.5)	1(2.5)	0.75
Family history of DDH^b	1(2.5)	3(7.5)	0.31
Birth weight > 4000gr^b	5(12.5)	4(10.0)	0.72
Firstborn baby^a	9(22.5)	4(10.0)	0.13
Mean of Graf’s hip alpha angle at initial screening (mean ± SD)^c
Right hip	57.8 ± 4.1	56.7 ± 3.4	0.18
Left hip	56.6 ± 3.8	55.4 ± 3.9	0.19

^a Chi-square test, ^b Fishier exact test, ^c t test; SD Standard deviation, DDH Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

ISSN: 1471-2431