From: Cardiometabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with West syndrome
 | ACTH treated n = 78 | non-ACTH treated n = 39 | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Infancy, 0–2 years | |||
Age, years | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 0.106 |
Anthropometric characteristics | n = 46 | n = 7 |  |
   Weight z-score | -0.36 ± 1.51 | -2.01 ± 1.23 | 0.008 |
   Length z-score | -0.42 ± 1.17 | -0.05 ± 0.48 | 0.495 |
   Weight-to-length z-score | 0.70 ± 1.45 | -1.97 ± 1.86 | 0.001 |
BP measurements | n = 40 | n = 7 |  |
   Systolic BP percentile | 86.5 (66.5–97.3) | 98.0 (84.0–99.0) | 0.283 |
   Diastolic BP percentile | 95.0 (86.0-98.3) | 91.0 (55.0–96.0) | 0.403 |
Laboratory evaluation | n = 58 | n = 11 |  |
   Glucose, mg/dL | 86.5 (75.0–95.0) | 91.5 (78.0-99.3) | 0.154 |
   Triglycerides, mg/dL | 178.1 ± 80.7 | 108.6 ± 40.3 | 0.037 |
   HDL-c, mg/dL | 40.7 ± 9.8 | 44.3 ± 14.3 | 0.513 |
   Triglycerides to HDL-c ratio | 4.7 ± 2.4 | 2.7 ± 1.0 | 0.086 |
Early childhood, 2–6 years* | 74 | 39 |  |
Age, years | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 4.2 ± 1.1 | 0.056 |
Anthropometric characteristics | n = 44 | n = 10 |  |
   Weight z-score | -0.58 ± 1.64 | -0.21 ± 0.49 | 0.486 |
   Height z-score | -0.08 ± 1.37 | 0.06 ± 1.22 | 0.807 |
   BMI z-score | -0.17 ± 1.25 | -0.07 ± 0.68 | 0.841 |
BP measurements | n = 35 | n = 10 |  |
   Systolic BP percentile | 82.0 (67.5–97.5) | 68.0 (29.8–87.3) | 0.333 |
   Diastolic BP percentile | 92.0 (66.0–99.0) | 72.0 (52.0-91.5) | 0.333 |
Laboratory evaluation | n = 37 | n = 9 |  |
   Glucose, mg/dL | 85.3 (80.3–94.5) | 89.0 (83.0-108.5) | 0.266 |
   Triglycerides, mg/dL | 138.6 ± 61.0 | 78.4 ± 34.6 | 0.050 |
   HDL-c, mg/dL | 42.0 ± 11.1 | 44.7 ± 16.5 | 0.735 |
   Triglycerides to HDL-c ratio | 3.9 ± 2.7 | 2.6 ± 2.1 | 0.455 |
Childhood and adolescence, 6–18 years* | n = 53 | n = 35 |  |
Age, years | 11.1 ± 3.4 | 11.9 ± 3.9 | 0.410 |
Anthropometric characteristics | n = 45 | n = 15 |  |
   Weight z-score | 0.27 ± 1.43 | -0.51 ± 1.37 | 0.070 |
   Height z-score | -0.10 ± 1.03 | -1.03 ± 1.50 | 0.082 |
   BMI z-score | 0.05 ± 0.98 | -0.58 ± 1.60 | 0.227 |
BP measurements | n = 40 | n = 15 |  |
   Systolic BP percentile | 77.5 (56.8–91.5) | 65.0 (34.0-98.5) | 0.999 |
   Diastolic BP percentile | 58.0 (37.5–79.0) | 60.0 (42.0-69.5) | 0.659 |
Laboratory evaluation | n = 50 | n = 21 |  |
   Glucose, mg/dL | 90.0 (80.9–98.0) | 85.0 (80.0–97.0) | 0.459 |
   Triglycerides, mg/dL | 100.2 ± 52.9 | 89.2 ± 36.5 | 0.485 |
   HDL-c, mg/dL | 54.6 ± 16.1 | 53.5 ± 14.3 | 0.872 |
   Triglycerides to HDL-c ratio | 2.3 ± 2.9 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 0.723 |