Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population
Characteristics | Exclusively breastfed without vitamin D supplementation (control group) n = 44 | Exclusively breastfed with vitamin D supplementation (intervention group) n = 43 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Mother | |||
Age, years | 31.1 ± 4.2 | 31.3 ± 5.4 | 0.84 |
Infant | |||
Sex, male | 21 (47.7) | 16 (37.2) | 0.32 |
Inborn | 26 (59.1) | 22 (51.2) | 0.46 |
Gestational age, weeks | 38 ± 1 | 38 ± 1 | 0.79 |
Small for gestational age | 7 (15.9) | 6 (14.0) | 0.80 |
Large for gestational age | 1 (2.3) | 1 (2.3) | 1.00 |
Seasons at birth | 0.75 | ||
Cool season, Nov–Feb | 20 (45.5) | 23 (53.5) | |
Hot season, Mar–Jun | 11 (25.0) | 9 (20.9) | |
Rainy season, Jul–Oct | 13 (29.5) | 11 (25.6) | |
At birth | |||
Weight, g | 3012 ± 373 | 3176 ± 375 | 0.05 |
Length, cm | 49.1 ± 1.9 | 49.4 ± 2.3 | 0.51 |
Head circumference, cm | 33.5 ± 1.5 | 33.9 ± 1.3 | 0.16 |
At enrollment | |||
Weight, g | 4997 ± 423 | 5302 ± 560 | < 0.01 |
Length, cm | 56.6 ± 2.0 | 57.5 ± 1.9 | 0.93 |
Head circumference, cm | 38.4 ± 1.2 | 38.6 ± 1.3 | 0.38 |