Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) protects liver damage by suppressing IFN-γ expression in T cells in infants and neonatal mice

Table 1 Demographics of the BA and control patients enrolled in this study

Variables	BA (n = 68)	CC (≤4 months, n = 9)	CC (> 4 months, n = 17)	NHS (n = 7)
Age at surgery, mean (SD), days	70.62 ± 21.5	100 ± 25.98	1134 ± 553.3	58.29 ± 14.16
Sex, M/F	26/42	3/6	4/13	6/1
ALT, mean (SD), U/L	206.1 ± 143.7	66.11 ± 68.78^***	58.38 ± 77.74^****	211.2 ± 108.6^n.s
AST, mean (SD), U/L	292.6 ± 183.3	88.67 ± 95.78^****	59.00 ± 61.68^****	223.4 ± 114.0^n.s
GGT, mean (SD), U/L	658.5 ± 541.3	188.3 ± 294.5^***	150.7 ± 241.5^****	293.2 ± 331.3^*
DBIL, mean (SD), μmol/L	175.2 ± 278.8	28.26 ± 50.41^****	20.45 ± 28.67^****	127 ± 35.17^n.s
TBIL, mean (SD), μmol/L	163 ± 43.29	40.09 ± 69.41^****	24.27 ± 34.19^****	162.5 ± 54.19^n.s

BA biliary atresia, CC choledochal cyst, NHS neonatal hepatis syndrome, SD standard deviation. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test. n.s: not significant. ****p < 0.0001,***p < 0.001,**p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.

ISSN: 1471-2431