Fig. 4

Blockade of PD-1 augments Th1 responses in RRV-induced BA mice. A Flow cytometry gating strategies for intrahepatic IFN-γ expressing and T-bet expressing CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T cells in liver and spleen from control, BA mice, anti-PD-1 treated BA mice. B Dot plots showing percentages of IFN-γ⁺CD8⁺T and IFN-γ⁺CD4⁺T cells in liver and spleen from control (n = 5), BA mice (n = 8), and anti-PD-1 treated BA mice (n = 13). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test, ****p < 0.0001,***p < 0.001,**p < 0.01. C Dot plots showing percentages of T-bet⁺CD4⁺ T cells in liver and spleen from control (n = 5), BA (n = 8), and anti-PD-1 treated BA mice (n = 13). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test,****p < 0.0001,***p < 0.001,**p < 0.01. D Dot plots showing plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-12p70 in control (n = 5), BA mice (n = 8),and anti-PD-1 treated BA mice (n = 7). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test. E Dot plots showing percentage of Foxp3⁺Treg cells in liver and spleen from control (n = 5), BA mice (n = 8),and anti-PD-1 treated BA mice (n = 13). Data were expressed as mean ± SEM. Significance was determined by Mann-Whitney U test, ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01