Health services use by children identified as heterozygous hemoglobinopathy mutation carriers via newborn screening

Table 2 Adjusted incidence rate ratios, ED visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and physician encounters, for children identified as hemoglobinopathy carriers through NBS and screen negative matched population controls

	ED Visits		Inpatient hospitalizations		Physician encounters
	< 1 year of age	≥1 year of age	< 1 year of age	≥1 year of age	< 1 year of age	≥1 year of age
NBS result
Carrier	1.11 (1.06–1.17)	1.03 (0.98–1.07)	0.97 (0.89–1.06)	1.14 (1.03–1.25)	1.02 (1.00–1.04)	0.92 (0.90–0.94)
Control	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF
Sex
Male	1.18 (1.14–1.23)	1.20 (1.16–1.23)	1.34 (1.26–1.44)	1.28 (1.19–1.39)	1.09 (1.08–1.11)	1.10 (1.08–1.12)
Female	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF
Gestational age
< 37 weeks	1.33 (1.23–1.45)	1.21 (1.13–1.30)	2.54 (2.27–2.82)	1.36 (1.17–1.57)	1.59 (1.54–1.63)	1.06 (1.02–1.09)
≥ 37 weeks	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF
Birth weight
< 2500 g	1.05 (0.96–1.15)	1.07 (0.99–1.15)	2.03 (1.81–2.28)	1.68 (1.44–1.96)	1.72 (1.67–1.77)	1.15 (1.11–1.20)
≥ 2500 g	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF
Socioeconomic status
‘Lower’	1.17 (1.12–1.21)	1.07 (1.04–1.10)	1.05 (0.99–1.13)	1.05 (0.97–1.14)	1.00 (0.99–1.01)	0.97 (0.96–0.99)
‘Higher’	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF	REF

ISSN: 1471-2431