Table 1 US emergency department visits for pediatric patients (2006–2016)a
From: Racial and ethnic disparities in opioid use for adolescents at US emergency departments
Variable | Race/ ethnicity | Total visits weighted | Total received opioid weighted | Percent received opioids (weighted CI 95)b | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All Visits | non-Hispanic Black | 46,314,977 | 7,060,196 | 15.2% (14.6–15.9%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 33,115,127 | 5,744,969 | 17.4% (16.5–18.2%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 109,826,315 | 23,740,585 | 21.6% (21.1–22.1%) | – | |
Age | |||||
11–14 | non-Hispanic Black | 10,357,118 | 871,910 | 8.4% (7.3–9.5%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 9,835,028 | 1,065,055 | 10.8% (9.5–12.1%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 27,210,118 | 3,875,138 | 14.2% (13.4–15.1%) | – | |
15–17 | non-Hispanic Black | 11,530,230 | 1,483,259 | 12.9% (11.6–14.1%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 8,476,686 | 1,267,072 | 15.0% (13.4–16.5%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 28,845,980 | 5,411,450 | 18.8% (17.8–19.7%) | – | |
18–21 | non-Hispanic Black | 24,427,629 | 4,705,027 | 19.3% (18.2–20.3%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 14,803,413 | 3,412,842 | 23.1% (21.7–24.5%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 53,770,217 | 14,453,997 | 26.9% (26.1–27.7%) | – | |
Metropolitan Setting | |||||
Metropolitan Area | non-Hispanic Black | 38,071,587 | 5,810,872 | 15.3% (14.5–16.0%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 27,392,274 | 4,773,270 | 17.4% (16.5–18.3%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 76,616,787 | 17,818,822 | 23.3% (22.6–23.9%) | – | |
Non-Metropolitan Area | non-Hispanic Black | 4,425,515 | 694,287 | 15.7% (12.8–18.5%) | FALSE |
Hispanic | 2,084,413 | 340,727 | 16.4% (12.4–20.3%) | FALSE | |
non-Hispanic White | 23,766,791 | 4,322,886 | 18.2% (17.1–19.3%) | – | |
Unknown/Missing Data | non-Hispanic Black | 3,817,875 | 555,037 | 14.5% (12.2–16.9%) | FALSE |
Hispanic | 3,638,440 | 630,972 | 17.3% (14.8–19.9%) | FALSE | |
non-Hispanic White | 9,442,737 | 1,598,877 | 16.9% (15.3–18.5%) | – | |
Episode Of Care | |||||
Initial visit to this ED | non-Hispanic Black | 36,540,026 | 5,541,337 | 15.2% (14.4–15.9%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 26,760,576 | 4,560,584 | 17.0% (16.1–18.0%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 87,184,961 | 18,229,727 | 20.9% (20.3–21.5%) | ||
Follow-up visit to this ED | non-Hispanic Black | 2,100,319 | 406,880 | 19.4% (16.0–22.7%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 1,535,101 | 304,995 | 19.9% (16.0–23.7%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 4,612,751 | 1,227,153 | 26.6% (24.0–29.2%) | – | |
Unknown/Missing Data | non-Hispanic Black | 7,674,632 | 1,111,979 | 14.5% (13.0–16.0%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 4,819,450 | 879,390 | 18.3% (16.3–20.2%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 18,028,603 | 4,283,705 | 23.8% (22.5–25.0%) | – | |
Year of Visit | |||||
2006–2011 | non-Hispanic Black | 26,272,954 | 4,547,058 | 17.3% (16.4–18.2%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 16,352,926 | 3,198,892 | 19.6% (18.4–20.7%) | TRUE | |
non-Hispanic White | 61,622,253 | 15,602,711 | 25.3% (24.6–26.0%) | – | |
2012–2016 | non-Hispanic Black | 20,042,023 | 2,513,138 | 12.5% (11.5–13.6%) | TRUE |
Hispanic | 16,762,201 | 2,546,077 | 15.2% (13.9–16.5%) | FALSE | |
non-Hispanic White | 48,204,062 | 8,137,874 | 16.9% (16.1–17.7%) | – | |