Table 2 Repeated measures ANOVA results of PMP differences between participants in different BMI groups over the three time-point measurements

Never overweight

Gr. 1

18.11

17.70–18.52

16.31

15.91–16.71

12.84

12.34–13.35

55.03

54.10–55.96

66.05

63.54–68.56

41.56

40.80–42.33

24.09

21.87–26.31

Gr. 4

18.20

17.86–18.54

17.45

17.08–17.82

13.82

13.17–14.47

56.49

55.69–57.29

71.78

69.36–74.20

49.98

49.08–50.88

50.09

47.22–52.97

Gr. 7

17.80

17.11–18.48

14.16

13.86–14.44

15.76

15.30–16.22

52.07

51.48–52.66

57.67

55.69–59.66

45.65

44.97–46.32

34.89

32.69–37.08

Normal → overweight

Gr. 1

18.32

17.13–19.52

15.85

14.70–17.01

12.50

10.91–14.09

54.82

52.13–57.52

67.62

60.35–74.88

41.88

39.66–44.11

24.24

17.80–30.67

Gr. 4

17.15

16.16–18.13

16.56

15.48–17.64

12.00

9.95–14.05

54.29

51.98–56.61

64.94

57.94–71.94

49.06

46.45–51.67

46.09

37.75–54.43

Gr. 7

18.85

16.87–20.83

13.53

12.69–14.37

13.68

12.24–15.13

49.94

48.25–51.64

48.59

42.86–54.32

44.21

42.24–46.17

30.21

23.84–36.57

Persistent overweight

Gr. 1

16.73

15.61–17.87

15.03

13.93–16.12

11.77

10.31–13.23

51.45

48.90–54.00

54.82

47.94–61.69

42.05

39.95–44.16

24.76

18.67–30.85

Gr. 4

16.11

15.18–17.03

16.05

15.03–17.07

11.46

9.58–13.34

51.97

49.78–54.17

54.69

48.07–61.32

51.24

48.77–53.71

51.45

43.56–59.34

Gr. 7

14.79

12.92–16.66

12.71

11.91–13.51

13.23

11.90–14.56

47.08

45.48–48.68

41.79

36.37–47.21

43.53

41.67–45.39

28.68

22.67–34.70

Overweight → Normal

Gr. 1

18.05

16.56–19.53

15.45

14.02–16.89

12.05

10.38–13.72

53.82

50.47–57.17

61.09

52.06–70.12

41.74

39.04–44.44

24.61

16.78–32.44

Gr. 4

17.36

16.14–18.58

15.73

14.39–17.07

12.90

10.75–15.05

53.59

50.71–56.47

61.91

53.20–70.61

49.61

46.43–52.78

49.09

38.95–59.22

Gr. 7

17.50

15.04–19.96

13.68

12.63–14.73

16.35

14.84–17.86

51.27

49.17–53.38

55.32

48.19–62.45

46.35

43.96–48.74

36.70

28.96–44.43