Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of infants in the bronchiolitis and control groups
Characteristic | Bronchiolitis Group N = 80 | Control Group N = 47 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic charachteristics | |||
Age, months a | 5 [3–9] | 9 [5–16] | 0.002 |
Sex (male) b | 47 (58%) | 23 (49%) | 0.283 |
Ethnicity (Bedouin) b | 47 (59%) | 24 (51%) | 0.400 |
Attend day care b | 21 (28%) | 16 (34%) | 0.451 |
Medical history and clinical characteristics | |||
Prematurity (≤ 37 weeks gestation) b | 9 (11%) | 5 (11%) | 0.915 |
Nutrition b: | |||
Exclusive breast feeding (until 4 mo.) | 22 (28%) | 13 (25%) | 0.619 |
Formula | 18 (23%) | 16 (31%) | |
Breast feeding and formula | 38 (49%) | 23 (44%) | |
Vitamin D administration b | 53 (66%) | 28 (60%) | 0.450 |
Passive exposure to smoking b | 27 (37%) | 17 (36%) | 0.981 |
1st degree relative with asthma b | 36 (47%) | 11 (23%) | 0.008 |
Allergic rhinitis b | 5 (6%) | 1 (2%) | 0.290 |
Atopic dermatitis b | 3 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 0.888 |
Cow’s milk protein allergy b | 2 (3%) | 4 (9%) | 0.123 |
Previous respiratory episode b | 23 (29%) | 15 (32%) | 0.707 |
Previous systemic steroid treatment b | 18 (23%) | 11 (23%) | 0.907 |
Previous treatment with beta agonists b | 26 (33%) | 15 (32%) | 0.946 |
Hospitalization associated characteristics | |||
Length of stay (days) a | 4 [2–6] | 1 [0–3] | < 0.001 |