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Table 2 Longitudinal associations between BMI z-scores and neurodevelopment at 6 and 12 months of agea

From: Bidirectional association of neurodevelopment with growth: a prospective cohort study

Outcomes at 12 months

Predictors at 6 months

 

β (95% CI)

Adaptive behavior

Infant Z-scored BMI

Model 1

−0.01(− 0.03,0.01)

Model 2

−0.01(− 0.02,0.01)

Model 3

−0.01(− 0.02,0.01)

Gross motor

Model 1

−0.29(− 0.36,-0.22)*

Model 2

−0.19(− 0.29,-0.09)*

Model 3

−0.08(− 0.12,− 0.04)*

Fine motor

Model 1

-0.04(−0.11,0.03)

Model 2

−0.02(− 0.06,0.03)

Model 3

−0.02(− 0.04,0.01)

Language

Model 1

−0.02(− 0.04,0.01)

Model 2

−0.02(− 0.04,0.01)

Model 3

−0.02(− 0.03,0.01)

Social behavior

Model 1

−0.09(− 0.12,− 0.08)*

Model 2

-0.08(−0.11,− 0.05)*

Model 3

-0.05(−0.08,0.00)

  1. Model 1: adjusted for basic information; Model 2: model 1+ maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, delivery mode, gestational weeks, birth weight z score, mode of infant feeding, introduction of solid foods and micronutrients supplementation; Model 3: model 2+ Infant Z-scored BMI at 6 months in the neurodevelopment- BMI relationships, or neurodevelopment scores at 6 months in the BMI – neurodevelopment relationships
  2. *Statistically significant
  3. aN = 449. N varied from 1.7 to 2.8% in each regression because the complete data for each subscale of the Gesell Development Scale were varied