Characteristics | Anemic | HR (95% CI) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (58) | No (299) | CHR | AHR | P-value | ||
Age of the Caregiver’s | ≤34 years | 34 | 182 | 0.9(0.55–1.57) | – |  |
> 34 years | 24 | 117 | Ref | – |  | |
Sex Caregiver’s | Male | 30 | 134 | 1.4(0.83–2.32) | 1.3(0.82–2.38) | 0.220 |
Female | 28 | 165 | Ref | Ref | Â | |
Age of the child (years) | ≤7 | 25 | 153 | 0.8(0.45–1.28) | – |  |
> 7 | 33 | 146 | Ref | – |  | |
Sex | Male | 29 | 155 | 1.0(0.59–1.66) | – |  |
Female | 29 | 144 | Ref | – |  | |
Residence | Rural | 10 | 62 | 0.8 (0.45–1.75) | – |  |
Urban | 48 | 237 | Ref | – |  | |
Marital status | Married | 39 | 210 | 0.9(0.49–1.70) | – |  |
Divorced | 5 | 32 | 0.7(0.27–2.09) | – |  | |
Widowed | 14 | 57 | 0.8(0.34–2.41) | – |  | |
Religion | Orthodox | 49 | 253 | 1.4(0.18–10.8) | – |  |
Muslim | 8 | 41 | 1.3(0.16–11.3) | – |  | |
Othera | 1 | 5 | Ref | – |  | |
Caregiver’s educational status | No education | 25 | 122 | 0.7(0.28–1.89) | – |  |
Primary education | 15 | 77 | 0.6(0.23–1.77) | – |  | |
Secondary education | 13 | 83 | 0.6(0.20–1.55) | – |  | |
Tertiary education | 5 | 17 | Ref | – |  | |
Occupation of the caregiver | Non employed | 37 | 156 | 1.6(0.94–2.76) | 2.1(0.97–3.89) | 0.056 |
Employed | 21 | 143 | Ref | Ref | Â | |
Weight for height | Normal | 21 | 154 | Ref | Ref | Â |
Underweight | 37 | 145 | 1.9(1.10–3.24) | 1.5(0.88–2.72) | 0.127 | |
Height for age | Normal | 28 | 183 | Ref | Ref | Â |
Stunted | 30 | 116 | 1.5(0.92–2.59) | 1.2(0.69–2.05) | 0.543 | |
CD4 counts or % | Below threshold | 21 | 49 | 2.4(1.39–4.09) | 1.9(1.09–3.37) | 0.024 |
Above threshold | 37 | 250 | Ref | Ref | Â | |
WHO stages | Stage I&II | 24 | 220 | Ref | Â | Â |
Stage III&IV | 34 | 77 | 4.3(2.50–7.24) | 4.2(1.8–11.1) | 0.001b | |
Hx of opportunistic infections | No | 17 | 159 | Ref | Ref | Â |
Yes | 41 | 140 | 2.7(1.56–4.85) | 1.1(0.45–2.85) | 0.800 | |
Regimen at baseline | AZT-based | 52 | 257 | 1.4(0.60–3.24) | – |  |
d4T-based | 6 | 42 | Ref | – |  | |
Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) | No | 22 | 44 | 3.1(1.82–5.32) | 2.2(1.23–3.82) | 0.008b |
Yes | 36 | 255 | Ref | Ref | Â | |
No | 40 | 208 | 1.0(0.55–1.72) | – |  | |
Yes | 18 | 91 | Ref | – |  | |
ART adherence | Good | 39 | 241 | Ref | Ref | Â |
Fair | 9 | 22 | 4.3(2.02–8.98) | 2.0(0.88–4.79) | 0.094 | |
Poor | 12 | 36 | 2.8(1.45–5.37) | 2.4(1.20–4.85) | 0.016a | |
Treatment failure | Yes | 5 | 31 | 1.0(0.38–2.42) | – |  |
No | 53 | 268 | Ref | – |  | |
TB status | Yes | 11 | 30 | 2.6(1.34–5.00) | 0.7(0.32–1.53) | 0.369 |
No | 47 | 269 | Ref | Ref | Â | |
Duration on ART | <=5 years | 43 | 156 | 1.2(0–3-3.2) | – |  |
> 5 years | 15 | 143 | Ref | – |  | |
ART initiation | after test and treat | 20 | 134 | Ref | Ref | Â |
before test and treat (pre-ART) | 38 | 165 | 1.5(0.89–2.62) | 2.0(0.98–3.57) | 0.057 |