Variable | Total patients (n = 108) n (%) |
---|---|
Severity of poisoning | |
Mild (grade 1) | 19 (17.5%) |
Moderate (grade 2) | 46 (42.5%) |
Severe (grade 3) | 43 (40%) |
Time to presentation | |
≤ 6 h | 43 (40%) |
> 6 h | 65 (60%) |
Consciousness and brain injury status | |
Conscious | 42 (39%) |
Mild brain injury (GCS 13–15) | 24 (22. 2%) |
Moderate brain injury (GCS 9-12) | 13 (12%) |
Sever brain injury (GCS ≤ 8) | 29 (26.8%) |
Common clinical manifestations at presentation | |
Miosis | 108 (100%) |
Respiratory distress | 84 (77.7%) |
Vomiting | 47 (43.5%) |
Bradycardia | 36 (33. 3%) |
Sweating | 17 (15.7%) |
Convulsion | 15 (13.8%) |
Muscle weakness | 12 (11. 1%) |
Fasciculations | 9 (8%) |
Complications | |
Respiratory failure | 14 (13%) |
Aspiration pneumonia | 5 (4.6%) |
Septicemia | 3 (2.8%) |
Acute renal failure | 1 (0.9%) |
Use of atropine (all cases) | |
Initial at emergency | 0. 2–0.8 mg |
Cumulative dose | 1.33 ± 0.52 mg |
Use of pralidoxime (9 cases) | |
Initial at emergency | 0. 5-1g |
Cumulative dose | 13.95 ± 5.04 g |
Need for Mechanical ventilation | 14 (13%) |
Decontamination (charcoal &gastric lavage) | 39 (36. 1%) |