Table 2 Summary of all cases of pediatric gliosarcoma published previously by literature search (n = 42)
S.No | Ref | Year of publication | Number of cases | Age (years) | Gender (Male/Female) | Location | Extent of resection (Total/partial) | Post-resection radio/chemotherapy | Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Goldstein et al. [3] | 1981 | 1 | 0 | Female | Left cerebral hemisphere (diffuse widespread involvement) | – | – | – |
2 | McKeewer et al. [4] | 1984 | 1 | 18 | Female | Occipital lobe | Subtotal | Radiotherapy | Died 12 months after resection |
3 | Cerame et al. [5] | 1985 | 1 | 11 | Female | Left posterior temporo-parietal lobes | Total | Radiotherapy | Died 1 month after resection (developed thoracic metastases at 2 weeks) |
4 | Lee et al. [6] | 1985 | 2 | 12 | Male | Right frontal lobe | Total | Radiotherapy (had Hodgkin lymphoma seven years ago) | Alive at 16 months after resection |
14 | Female | Both frontal lobes & corpus callosum | Partial | Partial | Died 3 months after resection | ||||
5 | Takaue et al. [7] | 1986 | 1 | 11 | Male | Right fronto-parietal lobes | Total | Radiotherapy | Alive at 25 months after resection (had Hodgkin lymphoma seen years ago) |
6 | Chadduck et al. [8] | 1987 | 1 | 2 | Male | Right cerebral cortex (diffuse widespread involvement) | Partial | Not given | – |
7 | Radkowski et al. [9] | 1988 | 1 | 0 | Male | Right temporal lobe | – | – | Alive at 21 months after resection |
8 | Ono et al. [10] | 1990 | 1 | 0 | Female | Left temporo-parietal lobes & basal ganglia | Total | Radiotherapy | Alive at 34 months after resection |
9 | Kaschten et al. [11] | 1995 | 1 | 13 | Male | Right temporo-parieto-occipital lobes | Total | Radiotherapy | Died 13 months after resection |
10 | Lach et al. [12] | 1996 | 1 | 18 | Male | Right frontal lobe | Partial | Not given | Died 5 months after resection (had diffuse astrocytoma, WHO grade II 10 years ago) |
11 | Kepes et al. [13] | 1996 | 1 | 19 | Female | Left parieto-occipital lobes | – | Not given | Died 7 months after resection (had recurrent ependymoma, WHO grade II 29 months ago; irradiated) |
12 | Rizk et al. [14] | 2000 | 1 | 0 | Left temporo-parieto-occipital lobes | Total | Not given | Perioperative death | |
13 | Okami et al. [15] | 2002 | 1 | 2 | Male | Left frontal lobe | Total | Radiotherapy | Died 3 months after resection (relapsed in one month) |
14 | Malde et al. [16] | 2004 | 1 | 21 | Female | Left frontal lobe | Total | Radiotherapy | Alive at 6 months after resection (Medulloblastoma eight years before, radiation) |
15 | Deb et al. [17] | 2006 | 1 | 18 | Male | Right frontal lobe | Decompression | Irradiation given for giant cell glioblastoma (transformation to gliosarcoma) | Alive at 1 month after decompression |
16 | Salvati et al. [18] | 2006 | 3 | 15 | Female | Right temporal lobe | Total | Not given | Died 5 months after resection |
13 | Female | Midline tumor-parieto-occipital lobes reaching corpus callosum | Subtotal | Radiotherapy | Alive at 9 months after resection | ||||
16 | Male | Parasagittal frontal | Total | Radiotherapy | Alive at 24 months after resection (Hemangioblastoma 10 years ago, radiation given) | ||||
17 | Hocwald et al. [19] | 2009 | 1 | 0 (congenital) | Male | Left anterior cerebral hemisphere | None | Not given | Bulging anterior fontanelle. Non-responsive at birth. Intensive care was withdrawn after consultation with parents. Baby died at 1 day of age. |
18 | Karremann et al. [20] | 2010 | 4 | 8 | Female | Right temporal lobe | Total | Radiotherapy | Died 6 months after resection |
10 | Male | Right temporal lobe & lateral ventricle | Total | Radiotherapy | Died 18 months after resection | ||||
6 | Male | Right fronto-parietal lobes, corpus callosum | Partial | Radiotherapy | Died 4 months after resection | ||||
9 | Male | Right mesencephalon | Partial | Radiotherapy | Alive at 14 months after resection | ||||
19 | Neelima et al. [21] | 2012 | 1 | 11 | Male | Thalamus | Near total | – | – |
20 | Ravisanker et al. [22] | 2012 | 1 | 11 | Male | Right temporo-parietal cortex | Total | Radiotherapy, Temozolomide | Alive |
21 | Moscote-Salazara et al. [23] | 2014 | 1 | 4 | Male | – | – | Radiotherapy | Alive |
22 | Martin et al. [24] | 2014 | 1 | 11 | Male | – | Near total | Radio & chemotherapy | Alive at 34 months after resection |
23 | Burzyuski et al. [25] | 2014 | 1 | 9 | Male | Pons | Subtotal | Chemotherapy | Alive at > 13 years* |
24 | Savant et al. [26] | 2015 | 1 | 5 | Female | Left parieto-occipital lobe | Total | Chemotherapy | Died 9 months after resection |
25 | Mallick et al. [27] | 2015 | 5 | 7 | Female | – | Total | Radiotherapy, Temozolomide | Progressed 13 months after resection |
– | Male | – | Subtotal | – | Lost to follow up | ||||
– | Female | – | Total | Radiotherapy, Temozolomide | Alive at 3.5 years after resection | ||||
– | Female | – | Total | Radiotherapy, Temozolomide | Alive at 2 years after resection | ||||
19 | Female | Total | Radiotherapy, Temozolomide | Progressed 43 months after resection | |||||
26 | Meena et al. [28] | 2016 | 1 | 12 | Female | Right parieto-occipital lobe | Total | Radiotherapy | – |
27 | Granados et al. [29] | 2017 | 1 | 5 | Female | Pineal | – | Radio & chemotherapy | Metastatic dissemination |
28 | Yao et al. [30] | 2017 | 1 | 6 | Female | Cervical spine (C1-C6) | – | Radiotherapy | Died 6 months after resection |
29 | Dutta et al. [31] | 2018 | 1 | 8 | – | Parieto-occipital lobe | Subtotal | Radio & chemotherapy | Tumor recurred. Repeat surgery. Died |
30 | Bouali et al. [32] | 2020 | 1 | 0 (5 mos) | Male | Right frontal lobe | Total | Not given | Alive at 17 months after resection with midline left frontal residual tumor |
31 | Dogan et al. [33] | 2020 | 1 | 3 | Male | Left parietal lobe extending to the vertex | Palliative resection | Not received | Alive |
32 | Jeng & Reynolds [34] | 2020 | 1 | 12 | Male | Right frontal lobe | Partial | Radio & chemotherapy | Recurred 8 months after resection. Alive ** |
33 | Bukhari et al. [35] | 2020 | 1 | 12 | Male | Occipital lobe | Subtotal | – | Recurrence 2 years after resection. Re-resection done, then lost to follow up |
34 | Graham et al. [36] | 2020 | 2 | 12 | Male | Right frontal lobe | Total | Radio & chemotherapy | No progression after 68 months |
12 | Female | Right temporal lobe | Near total | Radio & chemotherapy | Recurrence after 2 years; Died 54 months after diagnosis |