Table 2 Univariate/multivariate logistic regression analysis for the association of pre−/post-operative characteristics with LCOS

Parameter

OR (95% CI)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

Pvalue

Age (days)

0.992 (0.989,0.995)

< 0.001

0.992 (0.988,0.997)

0.001

Gender

Male vs Female

1.06 (0.92,1.22)

0.4

AI

1.118 (1.008,1.239)

0.034

MR

1.06 (0.99,1.14)

0.1

PI

0.845 (0.751,0.951)

0.005

TR

1.226 (1.13,1.33)

< 0.001

1.192 (1.072,1.326)

0.001

RACHS-1 risk grade

2.094 (1.903,2.304)

< 0.001

1.166 (1.011,1.345)

0.035

Aortic shunt

Left-to-right vs None

2.363 (1.904,2.932)

< 0.001

1.37 (1.005,1.867)

0.046

Right-to-left vs None

27.469 (5.318,141.869)

< 0.001

Bi-directional vs None

5.087 (3.721,6.953)

< 0.001

1.716 (1.138,2.587)

0.01

Atrial shunt

Left-to-right vs None

1.396 (1.151,1.693)

0.001

1.407 (1.097,1.805)

0.007

Right-to-left vs None

4.412 (3.149,6.18)

< 0.001

3.168 (1.944,5.163)

< 0.001

Bi-directional vs None

4.111 (3.34,5.059)

< 0.001

1.87 (1.389,2.519)

< 0.001

Ventricular level shunt

Left-to-right vs None

0.37 (0.288,0.476)

< 0.001

0.676 (0.486,0.94)

0.02

Right-to-left vs None

3.16 (0.65,15.32)

0.2

3.458 (0.452,26.448)

0.2

Bi-directional vs None

2.452 (2.052,2.93)

< 0.001

2.09 (1.611,2.712)

< 0.001

Operation characteristics

Emergency non-extracorporeal surgery vs Selective extracorporeal surgery

9.58 (0.6153.34)

0.1

Emergency extracorporeal surgery vs Selective extracorporeal surgery

6.153 (4.425,8.556)

< 0.001

Selective non-extracorporeal surgery vs Selective extracorporeal surgery

0 (0,1.053157E255)

0.97

Elective thoracotomy vs Selective extracorporeal surgery

0 (0)

0.98

History of heart surgery

YES vs NO

2.17 (1.772,2.658)

< 0.001

Residual shunt

YES vs NO

4.264 (2.252,8.073)

< 0.001

3.489 (1.502,8.105)

0.004

LVOTO

YES vs NO

3.81 (2.078,6.988)

< 0.001

3.934 (1.673,9.254)

0.002

RVOTO

YES vs NO

5.82 (2.967,11.418)

< 0.001

3.638 (1.225,10.798)

0.02

Circulating temperature

Mild hypothermia vs Normal temperature

3.271 (2.741,3.903)

< 0.001

1.526 (1.205,1.934)

< 0.001

Deep hypothermia vs Normal temperature

9.289 (5.328,16.194)

< 0.001

1.369 (0.587,3.194)

0.467

Middle and low temperature vs Normal temperature

7.691 (6.202,9.537)

< 0.001

1.738 (1.236,2.443)

0.001

Circulation method

Low flow vs Full flow

11.395 (3.47,37.422)

< 0.001

Cerebral perfusion vs Full flow

3.671 (2.591,5.199)

< 0.001

Parallel CPB vs Full flow

0.94 (0.63,1.42)

0.8

Circulatory arrest vs Full flow

2.813 (1.274,6.214)

0.011

Cardio-cerebral Perfusion vs Full flow

1.90 (0.22,16.28)

0.6

CPB duration (min)

1.016 (1.014,1.017)

< 0.001

1.009 (1.006,1.012)

< 0.001

Aortic clamping time (min)

1.026 (1.023,1.028)

< 0.001

Postoperative rhythm of the heart

III°AVB vs Sinus rhythm

9.181 (3.81,22.121)

< 0.001

II°AVB vs Sinus rhythm

2.869 (1.048,7.851)

0.04

Atrioventricular dissociation vs Sinus rhythm

2.30 (0.49,10.83)

0.3

Supraventricular tachycardia vs Sinus rhythm

4.59 (0.84,25.1)

0.1

Difficult to wean from CPB

YES vs NO

4.524 (1.129,18.121)

0.033

Myocardial preservation

HTK vs Cold blood cardioplegia (4:1)

4.744 (4.014,5.607)

< 0.001

1.677 (1.298,2.167)

< 0.001

BMI

<5th percentile vs 5th~5th percentile

1.305 (1.086,1.569)

0.004

>95th percentile vs 5th~5th percentile

1.03 (0.82,1.28)

0.8

LVEF

< cut off value vs Normal

1.07 (0.90,1.27)

0.4

> cut off value vs Normal

1.09 (0.87,1.37)

0.5

LVFS

< cut off value vs Normal

1.18 (1.00,1.4)

0.1

> cut off value vs Normal

1.18 (0.93,1.48)

0.2

Mitral insufficiency

YES vs NO

1.309 (1.006,1.702)

0.045

1.714 (1.239,2.37)

0.001

Mitral stenosis

YES vs NO

1.77 (0.87,3.64)

0.1