Skip to main content

Table 2 Descriptive statistics for female participants’ characteristics and outcomes by time point and intervention status (n = 634)

From: Beat osteoporosis — nourish and exercise skeletons (BONES): a group randomized controlled trial in children

Variable

Time point

Control (C)

n = 141

BONES (B)

n = 202

BONES + Parents (P)

n = 291

n

Mean

95% CI

n

Mean

95% CI

n

Mean

95% CI

Age (yr)

T0

111

7.1

(6.98, 7.21)

156

7.21

(7.09, 7.32)

221

7.17

(7.07, 7.27)

Height (cm)

T0

107

122.01

(120.68, 123.33)

152

123.10

(121.9, 124.29)

210

121.89

(120.95, 122.83)

Weight (kg)a

T0

107

25.24

(24.23, 26.25)

152

27.59

(26.4, 28.79)

211

26.19

(25.32, 27.06)

Race/ethnicity, n (%)

 White

T0

54

 

(64.3%)

69

 

(50.7%)

123

 

(67.2%)

 Black

T0

8

 

(9.5%)

13

 

(9.6%)

18

 

(9.8%)

 Hispanic

T0

4

 

(4.8%)

24

 

(17.7%)

18

 

(9.8%)

 Other

T0

18

 

(21.4%)

30

 

(22.1%)

24

 

(13.1%)

BMI z-score

T0

101

0.50

(0.32, 0.68)

147

0.79

(0.63, 0.96)

207

0.66

(0.54, 0.78)

T1

87

0.60

(0.38, 0.82)

114

0.68

(0.5, 0.87)

204

0.65

(0.53, 0.78)

T2

60

0.69

(0.42, 0.96)

65

0.88

(0.63, 1.13)

146

0.73

(0.58, 0.89)

Percent body fat (%)

T0

109

19.66

(18.79, 20.53)

152

19.53

(18.53, 20.53)

207

19.77

(18.98, 20.56)

T1

88

20.93

(19.51, 22.36)

136

21.07

(20.04, 22.1)

210

20.97

(20.07, 21.86)

T2

60

21.21

(19.69, 22.74)

62

22.65

(21.06, 24.25)

150

21.89

(20.94, 22.85)

Calcium-rich food knowledge scorec

T0

104

6.48

(6.16, 6.8)

152

6.47

(6.21, 6.74)

212

6.65

(6.44, 6.86)

T1

89

6.67

(6.37, 6.98)

139

7.26

(7.03, 7.49)

206

7.31

(7.1, 7.52)

T2

62

6.98

(6.61, 7.35)

65

7.72

(7.47, 7.98)

143

7.60

(7.38, 7.82)

Physical activity knowledge scorec

T0

110

5.76

(5.44, 6.09)

155

5.85

(5.57, 6.13)

211

6.04

(5.83, 6.24)

T1

89

6.25

(5.95, 6.55)

140

6.44

(6.22, 6.67)

212

6.54

(6.37, 6.72)

T2

65

6.23

(5.93, 6.53)

66

6.53

(6.23, 6.83)

143

6.66

(6.45, 6.86)

Calcium-rich food preference scorec

T0

103

3.39

(3.16, 3.61)

152

3.33

(3.16, 3.5)

212

3.41

(3.25, 3.57)

T1

88

3.47

(3.24, 3.7)

139

3.33

(3.13, 3.53)

205

3.61

(3.47, 3.76)

T2

62

3.40

(3.14, 3.67)

65

3.28

(3.01, 3.55)

143

3.55

(3.36, 3.74)

Total calcium intake (mg)c

T0

95

919

(818, 1020)

152

1066

(980, 1152)

207

1055

(979, 1131)

T1

89

916

(809, 1022)

139

1178

(1071, 1286)

207

1194

(1118, 1269)

T2

61

922

(805, 1038)

65

1125

(987, 1264)

145

1065

(981, 1150)

MET scorec

T0

110

24.62

(22.52, 26.71)

155

25.08

(23.19, 26.98)

211

24.85

(23.31, 26.39)

T1

89

27.44

(25.27, 29.61)

140

27.34

(25.42, 29.25)

213

28.89

(27.49, 30.29)

T2

66

24.94

(21.96, 27.92)

66

25.13

(22.82, 27.44)

143

28.44

(26.66, 30.23)

WBF scorec

T0

110

3.94

(3.52, 4.36)

155

3.97

(3.62, 4.33)

211

4.00

(3.7, 4.3)

T1

89

4.27

(3.84, 4.7)

140

4.53

(4.15, 4.91)

213

4.81

(4.53, 5.08)

T2

66

4.08

(3.5, 4.67)

66

4.14

(3.64, 4.63)

143

4.78

(4.43, 5.13)

Grip strength (kg)

T0

109

10.48

(10.04, 10.91)

154

10.85

(10.47, 11.24)

212

11.05

(10.46, 11.64)

T1

91

10.92

(10.4, 11.44)

137

11.11

(10.68, 11.54)

215

11.40

(11.02, 11.79)

T2

61

12.04

(11.28, 12.8)

66

12.75

(12.12, 13.39)

151

12.71

(12.22, 13.21)

Vertical jump (in)

T0

112

11.19

(10.79, 11.59)

152

11.32

(11.01, 11.63)

206

11.46

(11.18, 11.74)

T1

91

11.55

(11.15, 11.96)

137

11.6

(11.27, 11.93)

214

11.92

(11.63, 12.22)

T2

62

12.35

(11.82, 12.88)

65

12.26

(11.82, 12.7)

151

12.27

(11.96, 12.58)

Bone stiffness index

T0

50

62.95

(59.15, 66.75)

72

63.39

(61.13, 65.65)

105

64.57

(62.46, 66.69)

T1

71

64.34

(61.99, 66.69)

106

64.70

(62.55, 66.84)

135

64.95

(63.14, 66.77)

T2

50

62.64

(60.09, 65.19)

50

65.72

(62.73, 68.71)

124

64.92

(63.25, 66.58)

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index, MET metabolic equivalent time, WBF weight-bearing factor
  2. Range of scores: Calcium-rich food knowledge score: 0–11; Physical activity knowledge score: 0–9; Calcium-rich food preference score: 0–5; Total calcium intake (mg): 0–3661.5; MET score: 0–46.8; WBF score: 0–7.5
  3. aAverage weight of C is significantly lower than B