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Table 2 Factors of gastrointestinal perforation in 6-month tracking by using Cox regression

From: The incidence of collagen-associated adverse events in pediatric population with the use of fluoroquinolones: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

Variables

Crude HR

95% CI

95% CI

P

Adjusted HR

95% CI

95% CI

P

Adjusted HR

95% CI

95% CI

P

Fluoroquinolones

 Without

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

 With

0.997

0.586

1.696

0.990

1.329

0.776

2.274

0.257

1.330

0.778

2.276

0.255

Gender

 Male

1.153

0.753

1.764

0.513

1.040

0.791

1.340

0.062

1.033

0.809

1.382

0.064

 Female

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

Age (years)

0.976

0.939

1.014

0.214

0.968

0.931

1.006

0.094

    

Age group (years)

 < 1

Reference

       

Reference

   

 1

1.835

0.708

4.756

0.212

    

2.047

0.784

5.345

0.123

 2

0.620

0.106

2.290

0.473

    

0.669

0.810

2.488

0.556

 3

1.802

0.715

4.540

0.212

    

1.822

0.752

4.648

0.189

 4

0.368

0.079

1.703

0.201

    

0.381

0.880

1.778

0.225

 5–9

0.441

0.193

1.008

0.052

    

0.433

0.179

0.952

0.040

 10–14

0.415

0.177

0.971

0.043

    

0.386

0.163

0.909

0.028

 ≧15

0.944

0.442

2.014

0.881

    

0.831

0.384

1.789

0.661

Catastrophic illness

 Without

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

 With

5.972

0.014

161.782

0.985

2.740

0.292

13.421

0.928

2.739

0.291

13.411

0.938

Low-income household

 Without

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

 With

1.643

0.090

4.620

0.661

1.546

0.076

4.105

0.578

1.541

0.072

4.070

0.572

Season

 Spring

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

 Summer

0.218

0.127

0.377

< 0.001

0.209

0.121

0.362

< 0.001

0.022

0.126

0.374

< 0.001

 Autumn

0.017

0.006

0.047

< 0.001

0.018

0.006

0.048

< 0.001

0.017

0.007

0.050

< 0.001

 Winter

0.056

0.032

0.098

< 0.001

0.057

0.032

0.099

< 0.001

0.057

0.032

0.100

< 0.001

Urbanization level

 1 (the highest)

1.993

1.032

3.849

0.040

2.034

1.033

4.002

0.033

2.043

1.031

4.024

0.029

 2

0.596

0.276

1.288

0.188

0.526

0.239

1.144

0.115

0.527

0.242

1.146

0.116

 3

2.357

1.184

4.691

0.015

2.581

1.294

5.146

0.003

2.586

1.294

5.153

0.006

 4 (the lowest)

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

Level of care

 Hospital center

2.909

1.232

6.871

0.015

2.768

1.132

6.759

0.014

2.757

1.124

6.734

0.010

 Regional hospital

7.613

4.608

12.579

< 0.001

8.351

5.008

13.884

< 0.001

8.480

5.029

14.208

< 0.001

 Local hospital

6.213

3.425

11.269

< 0.001

5.304

2.911

9.672

< 0.001

5.222

2.864

9.526

< 0.001

 Physician clinics

Reference

   

Reference

   

Reference

   

Comorbidities (No reference)

 Cerebrovascular accident

10.454

0.022

25.124

0.986

5.131

0.009

16.752

0.992

5.104

0.009

16.641

0.992

 Diabetes mellitus

3.401

0.564

6.785

0.298

3.105

0.482

6.131

0.384

3.078

0.476

6.079

0.390

 Hypertension

1.898

0.675

3.996

0.744

1.776

0.603

3.297

0.756

1.623

0.598

3.111

0.758

 Hyperlipidemia

0.000

–

–

0.989

0.000

–

–

0.997

0.000

–

–

0.997

Drugs (No reference)

 NSAID

1.264

0.842

1.677

0.562

1.189

0.675

1.597

0.599

1.187

0.673

1.589

0.598

 Systemic steroid

1.101

0.765

1.297

0.438

1.086

0.567

1.273

0.501

1.085

0.561

1.270

0.497

  1. HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, Adjusted HR Adjusted variables listed in the table, NSAID Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
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