Association between colic and sleep problems in infancy and subsequent development, emotional and behavioral problems: a longitudinal study

Table 3 Mixed effects analysis of the relationship between CBCL and colic and sleep problems

	CBCL
Variable	B	95% CI	p-values
Colic
Internalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	0.15	0.11 to 0.18	< 0.01
5 years	0.17	0.12 to 0.21	< 0.01
Externalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	−0.06	−0.09 to − 0.03	< 0.01
5 years	− 0.05	- 0.08 to − 0.01	< 0.01
Sleep duration^a
Internalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	0.14	0.07 to 0.21	< 0.01
5 years	0.15	0.05 to 0.25	< 0.01
Externalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	−0.21	−0.28 to −0.15	< 0.01
5 years	−0.11	− 0.18 to 0.04	< 0.01
Frequent nocturnal awakenings ^b
Internalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	0.06	0.05 to 0.07	< 0.01
5 years	0.06	0.04 to 0.08	< 0.01
Externalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)
3 years	−0.09	−0.10 to −0.08	< 0.01
5 years	−0.09	− 0.11 to − 0.09	< 0.01
Easy to put to bed ^c
Internalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	0.18	0.15 to 0.21	< 0.01
5 years	0.16	0.12 to 0.20	< 0.01
Externalizing
Time
Baseline (18 months)	ref
3 years	−0.18	−0.21 to −0.16	< 0.01
5 years	−0.19	− 0.22 to − 0.16	< 0.01

ISSN: 1471-2431