Anaemia prevalence and determinants in under 5 years children: findings of a cross-sectional population-based study in Sudan

Table 4 Regression analysis for anaemia associated factors in 6 months to under 5 years old children by age groups, Sudan, 2016

Variables	Category	Overall (6 months - < 5 years)			6 months - < 2 years age group			2 - < 5 years age group
Variables	Category	n	aOR (95% CI)	p. value*	n	aOR (95% CI)	p. value*	n	aOR (95% CI)	p. value*
Age of the child	2 - < 5 years	1192	1	< 0.001	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Age of the child	6 months - < 2 years	347	2.25 (1.75–2.90)	< 0.001	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Area classification	Rural	1128	1	0.010	253	–	NS	879	1	0.032
	Urban	370	0.87 (0.66–1.14)	0.314	84	–	–	288	0.85 (0.65–1.11)	0.232
	Camps	41	0.37 (0.18–0.74)	0.005	10	–	–	31	0.38 (0.17–0.87)	0.022
Anaemia status of the mother	Mother not anaemic	1025	1	< 0.001	252	–	NS	779	1	< 0.001
Anaemia status of the mother	Mother anaemic	514	1.74 (1.39–2.17)	< 0.001	95	–	–	419	1.79 (1.40–2.28)	< 0.001
Wealth quintiles	Lowest	234	–	NS	60	1	0.003	174	–	NS
	Second	294	–	–	70	0.73 (0.37–1.50)	0.405	225	–	–
	Middle	270	–	–	60	1.44 (0.68–3.02)	0.344	210	–	–
	Fourth	399	–	–	85	2.70 (1.29–5.62)	0.008	318	–	–
	Highest	342	–	–	72	1.01 (0.51–2.07)	0.937	271	–	–
Child malaria test	Negative	1483	1	< 0.001	339	–	NS	1150	1	0.001
Child malaria test	Positive	56	2.82 (1.56–5.11)	0.001	8	–	–	48	2.77 (1.48–5.21)	0.002

n: number of cases included in the analysis. aOR Adjusted Odds Ratio, NA Not applicable, NS p. value is statistically not significant
*p. values in bold reflect the overall exposure and are derived from the likelihood ratio test. p. value for variables with multiple exposure level are reported from the Wald test
Variable included in the models are child age, gender, area classification, sanitation facility type, child fever history in the last 2 weeks, child has health insurance, wealth quintiles, anaemia status of the mother, and child malaria infection. Only variables with statistically significant p. values in the final model are presented in this table
The Good-ness-of-fit test (Hozmer and Lemeshow) for the adjusted Odds Ratios for the 6 months to < 2 years age group X² = 1.847 (7 df, p. value 0.968), for the 2 to < 5 years group X² = 2.027 (5 df, p. value 0.845), and for the overall (6 months to less than 5 years) X² = 13.947 (8 df, p. value 0.083)

ISSN: 1471-2431