Table 3 Hours of ST device use per session among school students in Kuwait and associated factors (n = 3015, row %)
Variable | < 1 h | 1–2 h | > 2 h | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Gender | ||||
Male | 613 (44.5) | 430 (31.2) | 335 (24.3) | 0.986 |
Female | 707 (44.2) | 503 (31.4) | 725 (24.4) | |
School | ||||
Primary | 426 (42.9) | 278 (28.0) | 290 (29.2) | < 0.001 |
Secondary | 381 (39.2) | 332 (34.2) | 258 (26.6) | |
High school | 513 (50.6) | 323 (31.9) | 177 (17.5) | |
Educational region | ||||
Asimah | 233 (48.6) | 143 (29.9) | 103 (21.5) | < 0.001 |
Hawally | 256 (49.1) | 153 (29.4) | 112 (21.5) | |
Mubarak Al-Kabeer | 211 (40.8) | 155 (30.0) | 151 (29.2) | |
Farwaniyah | 211 (44.9) | 147 (31.3) | 112 (23.8) | |
Jahra | 257 (40.9) | 135 (25.8) | 132 (25.2) | |
Ahmadi | 152 (32.5) | 200 (42.8) | 115 (24.6) | |
Nationality | ||||
Kuwaiti | 1092 (42.8) | 812 (31.8) | 649 (25.4) | < 0.001 |
Non-Kuwaiti Arab | 228 (53.6) | 121 (28.5) | 76 (17.9) | |
Last semester grade | ||||
A | 520 (45.9) | 346 (30.6) | 266 (23.5) | 0.173 |
B | 374 (40.4) | 313 (33.8) | 239 (25.8) | |
C | 278 (46.5) | 172 (28.8) | 148 (24.7) | |
D | 100 (49.0) | 63 (30.9) | 41 (20.1) | |
F | 31 (43.7) | 23 (32.4) | 17 (23.9) | |
Father’s education | ||||
Secondary school or lower | 99 (43.0) | 81 (35.2) | 50 (21.7) | 0.715 |
High school | 248 (43.1) | 185 (32.2) | 142 (24.7) | |
Diploma | 152 (41.9) | 121 (33.3) | 90 (24.8) | |
Bachelor | 532 (46.3) | 355 (30.9) | 261 (22.7) | |
Postgraduate | 139 (41.6) | 111 (33.2) | 84 (25.1) | |
Mother’s education | ||||
Secondary school or lower | 98 (43.8) | 73 (32.6) | 53 (23.7) | 0.013 |
High school | 222 (42.9) | 161 (31.1) | 134 (25.9) | |
Diploma | 158 (36.3) | 169 (38.9) | 108 (24.8) | |
Bachelor | 623 (47.3) | 405 (30.7) | 290 (22.0) | |
Postgraduate | 84 (45.2) | 56 (30.1) | 46 (24.7) | |
Family income (KD per month) | ||||
Less than 500 | 22 (61.1) | 9 (25.0) | 5 (13.9) | 0.001 |
500–1000 | 111 (43.2) | 85 (33.1) | 61 (23.7) | |
1000–2000 | 113 (38.2) | 98 (33.1) | 85 (28.7) | |
More than 2000 | 93 (32.0) | 113 (38.8) | 85 (29.2) | |
Weight | ||||
Underweight | 116 (49.6) | 66 (28.2) | 52 (22.2) | 0.145 |
Normal | 868 (44.2) | 616 (31.4) | 478 (24.4) | |
Obese | 311 (43.5) | 218 (30.5) | 186 (26.0) | |
Sports on a regular basis | ||||
Yes | 636 (48.8) | 391 (30.0) | 276 (21.2) | < 0.001 |
No | 675 (40.8) | 537 (32.4) | 444 (26.8) | |
Seizures | ||||
Yes | 14 (30.4) | 14 (30.4) | 18 (39.1) | 0.044 |
No | 1306 (44.5) | 919 (31.3) | 707 (24.1) | |
Transient vision loss | ||||
Yes | 38 (30.2) | 46 (36.5) | 42 (33.3) | 0.003 |
No | 1282 (45.0) | 887 (31.1) | 683 (23.9) | |
Eye flashes | ||||
Yes | 182 (45.4) | 113 (28.2) | 106 (26.4) | 0.299 |
No | 1138 (44.2) | 820 (31.8) | 619 (24.0) | |
Eye dryness | ||||
Yes | 223 (41.4) | 161 (29.9) | 154 (28.6) | 0.037 |
No | 1097 (45.0) | 772 (31.6) | 571 (23.4) | |
Blurred vision | ||||
Yes | 261 (42.2) | 179 (28.9) | 179 (28.9) | 0.011 |
No | 1059 (44.9) | 754 (32.0) | 546 (23.1) | |
Near-sightedness | ||||
Yes | 120 (38.6) | 94 (30.2) | 97 (31.2) | 0.009 |
No | 1200 (45.0) | 839 (31.5) | 628 (23.5) | |
Eye squints | ||||
Yes | 20 (29.4) | 22 (32.4) | 26 (38.2) | 0.011 |
No | 1300 (44.7) | 911 (31.3) | 699 (24.0) | |
Headaches | ||||
Yes | 437 (41.7) | 318 (30.4) | 292 (27.9) | 0.004 |
No | 883 (45.7) | 615 (31.8) | 433 (22.4) | |
Sleep disturbances | ||||
Yes | 457 (41.7) | 307 (28.0) | 331 (30.2) | < 0.001 |
No | 863 (45.8) | 626 (33.2) | 394 (20.9) | |
Neck and shoulder pain | ||||
Yes | 485 (42.9) | 351 (31.1) | 294 (26.0) | 0.229 |
No | 835 (45.2) | 582 (31.5) | 431 (23.3) | |
Lower-back pain | ||||
Yes | 220 (39.4) | 164 (29.3) | 175 (31.3) | < 0.001 |
No | 1100 (45.5) | 769 (31.8) | 550 (22.7) | |
Loss of concentration | ||||
Yes | 300 (41.2) | 200 (27.4) | 229 (31.4) | < 0.001 |
No | 1020 (45.4) | 733 (32.6) | 496 (22.1) | |
Obesity | ||||
Yes | 150 (37.1) | 129 (31.9) | 125 (30.9) | 0.001 |
No | 1170 (45.5) | 804 (31.2) | 600 (23.3) | |