Table 2 Hours of ST device use per day among school students in Kuwait and associated factors (n = 3015, row %)
Variable | < 2 h | 2–4 h | > 4 h | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Gender | ||||
Male | 192 (13.9) | 363 (26.2) | 829 (59.9) | 0.107 |
Female | 261 (16.2) | 383 (23.8) | 964 (60.0) | |
School | ||||
Primary | 255 (25.4) | 246 (24.5) | 504 (50.1) | < 0.001 |
Secondary | 119 (12.2) | 232 (23.8) | 623 (64.0) | |
High school | 79 (7.8) | 268 (26.5) | 666 (65.7) | |
Educational region | ||||
Asimah | 61 (12.7) | 130 (27.1) | 288 (60.1) | 0.024 |
Hawally | 74 (14.2) | 146 (28.0) | 301 (57.8) | |
Mubarak Al-Kabeer | 68 (13.1) | 133 (25.6) | 319 (61.3) | |
Farwaniyah | 79 (16.7) | 114 (24.2) | 279 (59.1) | |
Jahra | 78 (14.8) | 110 (20.9) | 338 (64.3) | |
Ahmadi | 93 (19.6) | 113 (23.8) | 268 (56.5) | |
Nationality | ||||
Kuwaiti | 349 (13.6) | 604 (23.5) | 1612 62.8) | < 0.001 |
Non-Kuwaiti Arab | 104 (24.4) | 142 (33.3) | 181 (42.4) | |
Last semester GPA | ||||
A | 238 (20.8) | 324 (28.3) | 581 (50.8) | < 0.001 |
B | 111 (11.9) | 209 (22.5) | 609 (65.6) | |
C | 63 (10.5) | 155 (25.9) | 381 (63.6) | |
D | 27 (13.3) | 35 (17.2) | 141 (69.5) | |
F | 9 (12.9) | 17 (24.3) | 44 (62.9) | |
Father’s education | ||||
Secondary school or lower | 31 (13.4) | 54 (23.4) | 146 (63.2) | 0.004 |
High school | 72 (12.4) | 121 (20.8) | 388 (66.8) | |
Diploma | 48 (13.2) | 91 (25.1) | 224 (61.7) | |
Bachelor | 192 (16.7) | 314 (27.3) | 645 (56.0) | |
Postgraduate | 40 (11.9) | 89 (26.6) | 206 (61.5) | |
Mother’s education | ||||
Secondary school or lower | 35 (15.6) | 54 (24.1) | 135 (60.3) | 0.001 |
High school | 65 (12.5) | 118 (22.7) | 336 (64.7) | |
Diploma | 42 (9.7) | 106 (24.4) | 287 (66.0) | |
Bachelor | 224 (16.9) | 358 (27.0) | 746 (56.2) | |
Postgraduate | 29 (15.4) | 40 (21.3) | 119 (63.3) | |
Family income (KD per month) | ||||
Less than 500 | 13 (36.1) | 9 (25.0) | 14 (38.8) | 0.005 |
500–1000 | 51 (19.7) | 67 (25.9) | 141 (54.4) | |
1000-2000 | 42 (14.2) | 85 (28.7) | 169 (57.1) | |
More than 2000 | 34 (11.7) | 88 (30.2) | 169 (58.1) | |
Weight [M (IQR)] a | 49 kg (26) | 55 kg (24) | 55 kg (24) | < 0.001 |
Sports on a regular basis | ||||
Yes | 226 (17.3) | 365 (27.9) | 718 (54.9) | < 0.001 |
No | 222 (13.4) | 376 (22.6) | 1063 (64.0) | |
Seizures | ||||
Yes | 6 (12.8) | 8 (17.0) | 33 (70.2) | 0.33 |
No | 447 (15.2) | 738 (25.1) | 1760 (59.8) | |
Transient vision loss | ||||
Yes | 15 (11.9) | 22 (17.5) | 89 (70.6) | 0.041 |
No | 438 (15.3) | 724 (25.3) | 1704 (59.5) | |
Eye flashes | ||||
Yes | 43 (10.8) | 80 (20.1) | 275 (69.1) | < 0.001 |
No | 410 (15.8) | 666 (25.7) | 1518 (58.5) | |
Eye dryness | ||||
Yes | 72 (13.4) | 119 (22.1) | 348 (64.6) | 0.053 |
No | 381 (15.5) | 627 (25.6) | 1445 (58.9) | |
Blurred vision | ||||
Yes | 87 (14.0) | 114 (18.4) | 419 (67.6) | < 0.001 |
No | 366 (15.4) | 632 (26.6) | 1374 (57.9) | |
Near-sightedness | ||||
Yes | 38 (12.1) | 69 (22.0) | 207 (65.9) | 0.065 |
No | 415 (15.5) | 677 (25.3) | 1586 (59.2) | |
Eye squints | ||||
Yes | 9 (13.4) | 17 (25.4) | 41 (61.2) | 0.925 |
No | 444 (15.2) | 729 (24.9) | 1752 (59.9) | |
Headaches | ||||
Yes | 124 (11.8) | 251 (23.9) | 677 (64.4) | < 0.001 |
No | 329 (17.0) | 495 (25.5) | 1116 (57.5) | |
Sleep disturbances | ||||
Yes | 137 (12.5) | 214 (19.5) | 748 (68.1) | < 0.001 |
No | 316 (16.7) | 532 (28.1) | 1045 (55.2) | |
Neck/shoulder pain | ||||
Yes | 138 (12.2) | 271 (23.9) | 724 (63.9) | < 0.001 |
No | 315 (16.9) | 475 (25.6) | 1069 (57.5) | |
Lower-back pain | ||||
Yes | 48 (8.6) | 113 (20.2) | 398 (71.2) | < 0.001 |
No | 405 (16.6) | 633 (26.0) | 1395 (57.3) | |
Loss of concentration | ||||
Yes | 75 (10.3) | 155 (21.3) | 499 (68.4) | < 0.001 |
No | 378 (16.7) | 591 (26.1) | 1294 (57.2) | |
Obesity | ||||
Yes | 38 (9.3) | 96 (23.5) | 275 (67.2) | < 0.001 |
No | 415 (16.1) | 650 (25.2) | 1518 (58.8) | |