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Table 2 Logistic regressions over risk factors for rapid weight gain during 0–3-4 months, 0–6 months and 6–12 months

From: Nutrition- and feeding practice-related risk factors for rapid weight gain during the first year of life: a population-based birth cohort study

Risk factors

RWG/nRWG

  

RWG/nRWG

  

RWG/nRWG

n (total) = 1780

0–3-4 m (n)

OR

95% CI

p

0–6 m (n)

OR

95% CI

p

6–12 m (n)

OR

95% CI

p

Sex

 Boy

484/418

1

Ref

 

437/465

1

Ref

 

68/134

1

Ref

 

 Girl

357/521

0.47*

0.39, 0.58

<0.001

390/488

0.71*

0.58, 0.86

0.001

68/810

0.98*

0.68, 1.40

0.913

Birth weight Per kg bw

n/a

0.27∋

0.21, 0.34

<0.001

n/a

0.29∋

0.23, 0.36

<0.001

n/a

0.82∋

0.57, 1.20

0.305

Maternal education

 Upper secondary school

325/370

1

Ref

 

332/363

1

Ref

 

59/636

1

Ref

 

 Elementary school

49/44

1.11

0.70, 1.76

0.669

44/49

0.86

0.55, 1.37

0.533

6/87

0.75

0.31, 1.78

0.509

 University

424/474

0.97

0.78, 1.20

0.755

404/494

0.85

0.69, 1.05

0.125

65/833

0.80

0.55, 1.16

0.243

 Other

32/44

0.69

0.41, 1.16

0.159

35/41

0.83

0.50, 1.38

0.472

4/72

0.60

0.21, 1.71

0.340

Paternal education

 Upper secondary school

418/491

1

Ref

 

407/502

1

Ref

 

73/836

1

Ref

 

 Elementary school

45/52

1.10

0.70, 1.72

0.693

45/52

1.17

0.75, 1.82

0.496

12/85

1.68

0.88, 3.23

0.119

 University

281/299

1.12

0.90, 1.40

0.317

281/299

1.20

0.96, 1.50

0.104

35/545

0.68

0.44, 1.05

0.079

 Other

32/38

0.93

0.55, 1.55

0.772

32/38

0.99

0.60, 1.65

0.975

9/61

1.65

0.79, 3.47

0.183

Maternal smoking

 No

780/884

1

Ref

 

762/902

1

Ref

 

126/1538

1

Ref

 

 Yes

49/45

0.93

0.59, 1.48

0.761

52/42

1.13

0.72, 1.78

0.596

8/86

1.20

0.56, 2.55

0.638

Paternal smoking

 No

675/801

1

Ref

 

665/811

1

Ref

 

109/1367

1

Ref

 

 Yes

96/77

1.30

0.92, 1.83

0.136

95/78

1.35

0.96, 1.90

0.082

19/154

1.69

1.00, 2.83

0.049

Maternal weight bp Per kg bw

n/a

1.01

1.00, 1.02

0.035

n/a

1.01

1.00, 1.02

0.008

n/a

1.01

1.00, 1.02

0.486

Maternal gwg Per kg gw

n/a

1.02

1.01, 1.04

0.013

n/a

1.02

1.00, 1.04

0.081

n/a

1.00

0.97, 1.04

0.970

Paternal weight Per kg bw

n/a

1.02

1.01, 1.03

<0.001

n/ a

1.02

1.02, 1.03

<0.001

n/a

1.01

1.00, 1.03

0.184

Maternal BMI bp

n/a

1.10

0.98, 1.03

0.481

n/a

1.01

0.99, 1.04

0.260

n/a

1.01

0.97, 1.05

0.718

Paternal BMI

n/a

1.04

1.01, 1.08

0.024

n/a

1.05

1.02, 1.09

0.004

n/a

1.04

0.98, 1.10

0.237

Maternal diabetes mellitus

 No

814/916

1

Ref

 

804/926

1

Ref

 

131/1599

1

Ref

 

 Yes

1/6

0.32

0.04, 2.74

0.297

1/6

0.32

0.04, 2.73

0.295

1/6

2.20

0.26, 18.62

0.468

Paternal diabetes mellitus

 No

761/874

1

Ref

 

753/882

1

Ref

 

126/1509

1

Ref

 

 Yes

9/8

1.40

0.47, 4.14

0.543

6/11

0.81

0.28, 2.39

0.704

0/17

0.00

0.00, -

1.00

Maternal cardiovascular disease

 No

810/914

1

Ref

 

800/924

1

Ref

 

132/1592

1

Ref

 

 Yes

8/9

0.92

0.33, 2.55

0.874

7/10

0.74

0.27, 2.04

0.556

1/16

0.75

0.1, 5.72

0.783

Paternal cardiovascular disease

 No

763/869

1

Ref

 

751/881

1

Ref

 

125/1507

1

Ref

 

 Yes

5/8

0.55

0.16, 1.89

0.343

5/8

0.87

0.27, 2.84

0.822

1/12

1.12

0.14, 8.78

0.913

  1. All risk factors were adjusted for birth weight and sex, except sex that was adjusted for birth weight and birth weight that was adjusted for sex, *adjusted for birth weight, ∋adjusted for sex
  2. RWG rapid weight gain, nRWG non-rapid weight gain, m months, n number of subjects, OR odds ratios, 95% CI 95% confidence intervals, p p value, n/a not applicable, Kg kilogram, Per kg bw per kg body weight, Per kg gw per kg gained weight, Maternal gwg maternal gestational weight gain, BMI body mass index
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BMC Pediatrics

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