Study (year) | Outcome | Assessment tool | Assessment time | Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ashworth 1998 [32] | Development (motor, mental and behavior) | BSID-II | 6 and 12 month of age | MDI: no difference PDI: no difference |
Bentley 1997 [33] | Motor development | Time sampling observation method | Enrollment, 3 and 7 months of supplementation | Motor: no difference at 3 months follow up and better in zinc group at 7 months follow up(more time playing, sitting up and less time lying down and crying) |
Black Baqui 2004 [22] | Development (motor, mental and behavior) | BSID-II | Baseline and 12 month of age | MDI: better in Iron+ zinc groupPDI: no difference |
Black Sazawal 2004 [34] | Development (motor, mental and behavior) | BSID-II | 6 and 10 months of age | MDI: no differencePDI: no difference |
Castillo-Durán 2001 [35] | Development (motor and mental) | BSID-II | 6 and 12 months of age | MDI: no differencePDI: no difference |
Christian 2011 [36] | Motor (fine and gross) functioninggeneral intelligenceexecutive functioning | MABC and finger tapping testUNITStroop test, backward digit span, go/no-go tasks | 7–9 years of age | Motor: no differenceMental: no difference |
Colombo 2014 [37] | Development (motor and mental) | BSID-II | Baseline,12 and 18 months of age | MDI: no differencePDI: no difference |
Gardner 2005 [38] | Development | 4 subscales of the Griffiths Mental Development Scales | Enrollment and 6 months follow up | Hand and eye coordination: better in zinc group |
Hamadani 2001 [39] | Development (motor and mental) | BSID-II | 7 and 13 months of age | 7 months assessment:MDI: no differencePDI: no difference13 months assessment:MDI: worse in zinc groupPDI: no difference |
Heinig 2006 [40] | Motor development | Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) | 4 (baseline) and 10 months of age | Gross motor development: no difference |
Jimenez 2007 [41] | Development (motor and mental) | BSID-II | Baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age | MDI: no differencePDI: better in zinc group at 6 months |
Katz 2010 [42] | Age at first walking unassisted | Pictures of 14 sequential motor milestones/ | Weekly interview with the child’s caregiver | Mean age at first walking unassisted: no difference |
Lind 2004 [43] | Development (motor, mental and behavior) | BSID-II | Baseline and 12 months of age | MDI: no differencePDI: no difference |
Locks 2016 [44] | Development (cognition, language, and motor) | BSID-III | 15 months of age | No difference in any domains of BSID-III |
Mathur 2015 [45] | Neurodevelopment | Amiel-Tison method | 40 weeks conceptual age and 3 month corrected age | Attention span: better in zinc group at 40 weeks conceptual ageHyper-excitability: higher number in control group at 40 weeks conceptual age and 3 month corrected age |
Murray-Kolb 2012 [46] | General intelligenceexecutive functioning | UNITStroop test, backward digit span, go/no-go tasks | 7–9 years of age | Motor: no differenceMental: no difference |
Olney 2006 [47] | Motor development (the time it took for children to walk unassisted) | picture chart containing 14 gross motor milestones based on the work of McGraw | Every two week for one year | Motor: no difference |
Olney 2013 [23] | Development (motor, social emotional, exploratory behavior and language) | Picture chart containing 14 gross motor milestones | Every two week for one year | Gross motor: better in iron+ folic acid+ zinc in 5–9 months group and better in iron+ folic acid in 10–14 months groupMotor activity: better in iron+ folic acid+ zinc in 10–14 months group |
Pongcharoen 2011 [48] | Cognitive performance | Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Third edition (WISC-III; Thai version) and Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (CPM) | 9 years old | Mental: no difference |
Prado 2016 [49] | Development (motor, language, and personal-social development) | Developmental Milestones Checklist II | 18 months of age | Motor: no difference |
Sazawal 1996 [50] | Activity levels | Observation and recording | 12 to 23 months of age | Activity level: better in zinc group |
Siegel 2011 [51] | Cognitive development | Information-processing measures that were part of the FTII and the A-not-B Task | 39 and 52 week old | Mental: no difference |
Sudfeld 2019 [52] | Development | Koh’s Block Design testVerbal Fluency testEast African Neurodevelopment Tools | 6–8 years old | General intelligence: no differenceExecutive function: no difference |
Surkan 2013 [53] | Development (parental report of Motor and Language Milestones) | Motor and language milestone instruments were adaptedfrom the Griffiths Mental Development Scale and the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory | Baseline and three month intervals for one year. | Motor: no difference |
Taneja 2005 [54] | Development (motor and mental) | BSID-II | 4 months after supplementation | MDI: no differencePDI: no difference |