|
Characteristics
|
Wuhan
|
Outside Wuhan
|
|---|
|
R (95% CI)
|
I2
|
p-value
|
R (95% CI)
|
I2
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Demographic information
|
|
Male
|
43.5(17.3–71.6)
|
69%
|
0.04
|
54.8(53.2–56.5)
|
49%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Age
|
|
< 1y
|
38.7(0.0–96.5)
|
94%
|
< 0.01
|
9.4(4.1–16.1)
|
91%
|
< 0.01
|
|
1-4y
|
31.8(0.0–1.0)
|
93%
|
< 0.01
|
8.8(7.7–9.9)
|
48%
|
0.01
|
|
5-9y
|
3.5(0.0–22.8)
|
35%
|
0.22
|
24.5(18.8–30.5)
|
69%
|
< 0.01
|
|
10-14y
|
0.0(0.0–12.4)
|
0%
|
0.90
|
23.3(21.8–24.8)
|
31%
|
0.09
|
|
15-19y
|
0.0(0.0–12.4)
|
0%
|
0.00
|
8.7(3.3–15.7)
|
90%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Comorbidities
|
0.0(0.0–1.6)
|
0%
|
0.80
|
12.6(3.5–25.4)
|
92%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Severity of illness
|
|
Mild & Common
|
–
|
NA
|
NA
|
1.0(99.1–1.0)
|
0%
|
0.99
|
|
Severe
|
–
|
NA
|
NA
|
0.0(0.0–0.6)
|
0%
|
1.00
|
|
Critical
|
–
|
NA
|
NA
|
0.0(0.0–0.5)
|
0%
|
1.00
|
|
Epidemiology
|
|
Linkage to Wuhan
|
96.4(70.4–1.0)
|
78%
|
0.01
|
29.7 (21.0–39.0)
|
54%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Family cluster
|
92.5(87.6–0.965)
|
0%
|
0.33
|
79.2(68.0–88.8)
|
83%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Clinical manifestations
|
|
Asymptomatic
|
19.1(13.0–25.9)
|
17%
|
0.30
|
19.9(12.2–28.6)
|
86%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Fever
|
67.0(25.9–97.8)
|
83%
|
< 0.01
|
51.6(42.5–60.7)
|
87%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Mild (37.7 °C–38.0 °C)
|
6.2(2.4–11.2)
|
0%
|
0.54
|
20.8(15.5–26.5)
|
23%
|
0.21
|
|
Moderate (38.1 °C–39.0 °C)
|
19.1(13.0–25.9)
|
17%
|
0.30
|
15.1(7.0–24.9)
|
60%
|
< 0.01
|
|
High (39.1 °C-)
|
54.7(0.0–1.0)
|
96%
|
< 0.01
|
5.9(2.7–9.8)
|
0%
|
0.48
|
|
Cough
|
61.5(23.2–93.7)
|
81%
|
< 0.01
|
40.2(33.7–46.8)
|
73%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Expectoration
|
14.3(0.0–51.7)
|
NA
|
NA
|
1.3(0.0–3.9)
|
44%
|
0.03
|
|
Pharyngeal erythema
|
38.1(3.9–80.0)
|
84%
|
< 0.01
|
2.3(0.0–10.7)
|
80%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Sore throat
|
0.0(0.0–0.0)
|
0%
|
0.56
|
6.2 (1.4–13.0)
|
91%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Rhinorrhea
|
4.9(1.5–9.5)
|
0%
|
0.45
|
3.8 (0.0–11.6)
|
93%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Stuffy nose
|
1.8(0.0–5.4)
|
0%
|
0.94
|
1.6(0.0–5.1)
|
51%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Diarrhea
|
4.8(1.4–9.5)
|
0%
|
0.70
|
4.1(1.4–7.7)
|
51%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Vomiting
|
14.4(0–52.9)
|
83%
|
< 0.01
|
3.4(1.9–5.1)
|
18%
|
0.22
|
|
Tachypnea/dyspnea
|
16.4(1.6–38.6)
|
55%
|
0.11
|
4.3(2.7–6.1)
|
47%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Fatigue/myalgia
|
4.5(1.3–9.1)
|
0%
|
0.65
|
2.6(0.1–6.8)
|
75%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Laboratory findings
|
|
WBC decreased
|
39.6(6.6–78.4)
|
74%
|
0.05
|
8.4(5.2–12.2)
|
26%
|
0.15
|
|
WBC increased
|
0.0(0.0–26.8)
|
NA
|
NA
|
10.7(6.9–15.1)
|
0%
|
0.62
|
|
L decreased
|
48.4(0.0–1.0)
|
97%
|
< 0.01
|
8.8(3.0–16.5)
|
68%
|
< 0.01
|
|
L increased
|
0.0(0.0–26.8)
|
NA
|
NA
|
16.3(10.5–22.8)
|
43%
|
0.06
|
|
ALT increased
|
9.9(5.2–15.5)
|
0%
|
0.57
|
4.2(1.4–8.0)
|
41%
|
0.06
|
|
AST increased
|
33.4(0.0–86.0)
|
86%
|
< 0.01
|
8.9(3.1–16.7)
|
60%
|
< 0.01
|
|
LDH increased
|
33.3(1.3–76.4)
|
NA
|
NA
|
21.4(7.8–38.5)
|
80%
|
< 0.01
|
|
CRP increased
|
45.9(0.0–98.9)
|
90%
|
< 0.01
|
9.6(2.7–19.0)
|
76%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Radiographic evaluation
|
|
Normal
|
13.1(7.7–19.3)
|
0%
|
0.62
|
39.7(29.8–50.1)
|
66%
|
< 0.01
|
|
GGO
|
30.9(23.6–38.6)
|
0%
|
0.67
|
38.1(29.1–47.5)
|
51%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Consolidation
|
0.0(0.0–31.7)
|
NA
|
NA
|
11.4(1.9–25.3)
|
82%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Unilateral compromised
|
13.6(3.6–27.3)
|
18%
|
0.27
|
30.6(23.6–37.9)
|
40%
|
0.07
|
|
Bilateral compromised
|
38.0(0.0–98.7)
|
90%
|
< 0.01
|
20.3(7.7–36.0)
|
78%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Therapy
|
|
Antiviral treatment
|
|
Interferon
|
100.0(73.2–100.0)
|
NA
|
NA
|
59.5(21.5–92.5)
|
94%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Lopinavir-ritonavir
|
0.0(0.0–26.8)
|
NA
|
NA
|
28.5(13.6–45.8)
|
83%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Ribavirin
|
33.3(1.3–76.4)
|
NA
|
NA
|
2.6(0.4–6.0)
|
39%
|
0.08
|
|
Oseltamivir
|
100.0(73.2–100.0)
|
NA
|
NA
|
6.1(0.0–19.2)
|
85%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Arbidor
|
0.0(0.0–26.8)
|
NA
|
NA
|
6.5(0.0–19.3)
|
84%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Antibiotics
|
100.0(73.2–100.0)
|
NA
|
NA
|
6.5(0.8–15.2)
|
61%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Corticosteroid
|
66.7(23.6–98.7)
|
NA
|
NA
|
0.0(0.0–0.2)
|
0%
|
1.00
|
|
Immunoglobin
|
16.7(0.0,58.6)
|
NA
|
NA
|
0.5(0.0–3.8)
|
54%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Mechanic ventilation
|
0.0(0.0–1.4)
|
0%
|
0.96
|
0.0(0.0–0.2)
|
0%
|
1.00
|
|
Outcome
|
|
Discharged
|
90.3(84.7–94.9)
|
0%
|
0.38
|
82.6(64.4–95.9)
|
92%
|
< 0.01
|
|
ICU admission
|
0.5(0.0–7.5)
|
28%
|
0.25
|
0.1(0.0–1.4)
|
53%
|
< 0.01
|
|
Death
|
0.0 (0.0–0.2)
|
0
|
0.81
|
0.0 (0.0–0.0)
|
0%
|
0.97
|
- Note: WBC white blood cell counts, L lymphocyte counts, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CRP C-reactive protein, GGO ground-glass opacity, ICU intensive care unit
- NA: not applicable, only one or no study included in the subgroup
