Table 2 Baseline characteristics for those using and not using a terrain park while skiing or snowboarding today (N = 691)
Not using TP today n = 117 | Using TP today n = 574 | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years)a | 15.1 (1.6) | 14.8 (1.4) | 0.89 (0.78, 1.02) |
Malea | 64 (54.7) | 500 (87.1) | 5.83 (3.75, 9.06) |
Missing | 0 | 3 (0.5) | |
Snowboardersa | 81 (69.2) | 483 (84.1) | 2.55 (1.61, 4.03) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 9 (1.6) | |
Abilitya | |||
Beginner | 36 (30.8) | 39 (6.8) | 1.00 |
Intermediate | 50 (42.7) | 223 (38.9) | 4.12 (2.38, 7.11) |
Advanced | 21 (17.9) | 210 (36.6) | 9.23 (4.88, 17.46) |
Expert | 9 (7.7) | 83 (14.5) | 8.51 (3.74, 19.40) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 19 (3.3) | |
Previous ski/snowboard injury that required a doctora | 11 (9.4) | 168 (29.3) | 4.08 (2.12, 7.83) |
Missing | 15 (12.8) | 65 (11.3) | |
Skiing or snowboarding alone | 12 (10.3) | 61 (10.6) | 1.03 (0.54, 1.99) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.2) | |
Skiing or snowboarding with friendsa | 83 (70.9) | 523 (91.1) | 4.44 (2.65, 7.43) |
Missing | 3 (2.6) | 7 (1.2) | |
Skiing or snowboarding with parents | 15 (12.8) | 49 (8.5) | 0.63 (0.34, 1.16) |
Missing | 4 (3.4) | 15 (2.6) | |
Skiing or snowboarding with siblings | 26 (22.2) | 115 (20.0) | 0.88 (0.54, 1.42) |
Missing | 2 (1.7) | 10 (1.7) | |
Think you will get any type of injury today | |||
Disagree | 88 (75.2) | 355 (61.8) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 11 (9.4) | 81 (14.1) | 1.83 (0.93, 3.57) |
Agree | 16 (13.7) | 123 (21.4) | 1.91 (1.08, 3.37) |
Missing | 2 (1.7) | 15 (2.6) | |
Think you will get a head injury today | |||
Disagree | 95 (81.2) | 423 (73.7) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 6 (5.1) | 65 (11.3) | 2.43 (1.02, 5.78) |
Agree | 14 (12.0) | 72 (12.5) | 1.16 (0.62, 2.13) |
Missing | 2 (1.7) | 14 (2.4) | |
Think you will get a wrist injury today | |||
Disagree | 87 (74.4) | 379 (66.0) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 8 (6.8) | 70 (12.2) | 2.01 (0.93, 4.33) |
Agree | 20 (17.1) | 117 (20.4) | 1.34 (0.79, 2.28) |
Missing | 2 (1.7) | 8 (1.4) | |
Use terrain parks | |||
Hardly ever | 75 (64.1) | 24 (4.2) | 1.00 |
Half the time | 28 (23.9) | 88 (15.3) | 9.82 (5.25, 18.37) |
Most of the time | 13 (11.1) | 462 (80.5) | 111.06 (54.18, 227.64) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 0 | |
I plan to use the terrain park next time | 51 (43.6) | 528 (92.0) | 88.74 (38.54, 204.30) |
Missing | 6 (5.1) | 39 (6.8) | |
Terrain parks are cool/challenging/funa | 41 (35.0) | 428 (74.6) | 5.43 (3.56, 8.30) |
Terrain parks are for experienced skiers and snowboarders onlya | 69 (59.0) | 214 (37.3) | 0.41 (0.28, 0.62) |
Terrain parks are riskier than the regular hill | 88 (75.2) | 354 (61.7) | 0.53 (0.34, 0.83) |
Terrain parks are too busy/crowdeda | 47 (40.2) | 158 (27.5) | 0.57 (0.38, 0.86) |
Missing | 0 | 1 (0.2) | |
Terrain parks are the main reason I am here | 9 (7.7) | 362 (63.1) | 20.49 (10.17, 41.30) |
I get hurt in terrain parksa | |||
Never | 40 (34.2) | 57 (9.9) | 1.00 |
Hardly Ever | 34 (29.1) | 346 (60.3) | 7.14 (4.18, 12.21) |
Half the time | 4 (3.4) | 105 (18.3) | 18.42 (6.27, 54.09) |
Most of the time | 2 (1.7) | 37 (6.4) | 12.98 (2.96, 56.98) |
Always | 2 (1.7) | 23 (4.0) | 8.07 (1.80, 36.18) |
Do not use them | 33 (28.2) | 3 (0.5) | 0.06 (0.02, 0.22) |
Missing | 2 (1.7) | 3 (0.5) | |
Parents use terrain park | |||
No | 95 (81.2) | 416 (72.5) | 1.00 |
Sometimes | 8 (6.8) | 46 (8.0) | 1.31 (0.60, 2.87) |
Yes | 9 (7.7) | 72 (12.5) | 1.83 (0.88, 3.78) |
Missing | 5 (4.3) | 40 (7.0) | |
Siblings use terrain parka | |||
No | 73 (62.4) | 251 (43.7) | 1.00 |
Sometimes | 14 (12.0) | 95 (16.6) | 1.97 (1.06, 3.66) |
Yes | 25 (21.4) | 201 (35.0) | 2.34 (1.43, 3.82) |
Missing | 5 (4.3) | 27 (4.7) | |
Friends use terrain park | |||
No | 18 (15.4) | 19 (3.3) | 1.00 |
Sometimes | 46 (39.3) | 42 (7.3) | 0.86 (0.40, 1.87) |
Yes | 44 (37.6) | 502 (87.5) | 10.81 (5.29, 22.08) |
Missing | 9 (7.7) | 11 (1.9) | |
If my parents said I was not allowed I would go to the terrain park and risk getting caughta | 35 (29.9) | 408 (71.1) | 5.98 (3.86, 9.25) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 8 (1.4) | |
If my friends decided not to use the terrain park, I would go where they went | 76 (65.0) | 327 (57.0) | 0.80 (0.53, 1.22) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 32 (5.6) | |
I think people use the terrain park because friends use it | 56 (47.9) | 396 (69.0) | 2.42 (1.62, 3.63) |
I think people use the terrain park because all the good skiers and snowboarders use ita | 79 (67.5) | 337 (58.7) | 0.68 (0.45, 1.04) |
I think people use the terrain park to impress people | 67 (57.3) | 276 (48.1) | 0.69 (0.46, 1.03) |
I think terrain parks are more dangerous so you should wear a helmet | |||
Disagree | 13 (11.1) | 82 (14.3) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 4 (3.4) | 66 (11.5) | 2.62 (0.81, 8.40) |
Agree | 99 (84.6) | 423 (73.7) | 0.68 (0.36, 1.27) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 3 (0.5) | |
I think terrain parks are used by my friends and I do not want to be left outa | |||
Disagree | 65 (55.6) | 321 (55.9) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 32 (27.4) | 116 (20.2) | 0.73 (0.46, 1.18) |
Agree | 19 (16.2) | 130 (22.6) | 1.39 (0.80, 2.40) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 7 (1.2) | |
I think terrain parks are more dangerous than the regular hill | |||
Disagree | 15 (12.8) | 100 (17.4) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 8 (6.8) | 61 (10.6) | 1.14 (0.46, 2.86) |
Agree | 94 (80.3) | 409 (71.3) | 0.65 (0.36, 1.17) |
Missing | 0 | 4 (0.7) | |
Be aware in terrain parks to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 11 (9.4) | 67 (11.7) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 3 (2.6) | 35 (6.1) | 1.92 (0.50, 7.32) |
Agree | 103 (88.0) | 466 (81.2) | 0.74 (0.38, 1.46) |
Missing | 0 | 6 (1.0) | |
Go really fast to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 74 (63.2) | 312 (54.4) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 20 (17.1) | 97 (16.9) | 1.15 (0.67, 1.98) |
Agree | 23 (19.7) | 160 (27.9) | 1.65 (1.00, 2.73) |
Missing | 0 | 5 (0.9) | |
Slow down to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 25 (21.4) | 152 (26.5) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 21 (17.9) | 125 (21.8) | 0.98 (0.52, 1.83) |
Agree | 71 (60.7) | 292 (50.9) | 0.68 (0.41, 1.11) |
Missing | 0 | 5 (0.9) | |
Do not be scared of getting hurt to make terrain parks safera | |||
Disagree | 45 (38.5) | 154 (26.8) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 30 (25.6) | 105 (18.3) | 1.02 (0.61, 1.73) |
Agree | 42 (35.9) | 311 (54.2) | 2.16 (1.36, 3.44) |
Missing | 0 | 4 (0.7) | |
Do not use dangerous features to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 33 (28.2) | 218 (38.0) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 27 (23.1) | 108 (18.8) | 0.61 (0.35, 1.06) |
Agree | 57 (48.7) | 240 (41.8) | 0.64 (0.40, 1.02) |
Missing | 0 | 8 (1.4) | |
Ski or snowboard within my ability to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 14 (12.0) | 83 (14.5) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 4 (3.4) | 53 (9.2) | 2.23 (0.70, 7.15) |
Agree | 98 (83.8) | 434 (75.6) | 0.75 (0.41, 1.37) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 4 (0.7) | |
Take turns on features to make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 14 (12.0) | 95 (16.6) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 16 (13.7) | 67 (11.7) | 0.62 (0.28, 1.35) |
Agree | 86 (73.5) | 406 (70.7) | 0.70 (0.38, 1.28) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 6 (1.0) | |
Listen to music while skiing or snowboarding make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 61 (52.1) | 233 (40.6) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 31 (26.5) | 125 (21.8) | 1.06 (0.65, 1.71) |
Agree | 24 (20.5) | 210 (36.6) | 2.29 (1.38, 3.81) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 6 (1.0) | |
Fewer people in the park at one time make terrain parks safer | |||
Disagree | 27 (23.1) | 195 (34.0) | 1.00 |
Neither agree or disagree | 27 (23.1) | 107 (18.6) | 0.55 (0.31, 0.98) |
Agree | 62 (53.0) | 265 (46.2) | 0.59 (0.36, 0.96) |
Missing | 1 (0.9) | 7 (1.2) | |