Neonatal hand, foot, and mouth disease due to coxsackievirus A6 in Shanghai

BMC Pediatrics

Table 1 Clinical features of neonates and paired older siblings with hand, foot, and mouth disease

Clinical features N (%)	Neonates (N = 16)	Older siblings (N = 16)	*Odds ratio*	*P-value*
Fever (temperature ≥ 39 °C)	0	14 (87.5)	0 (0.0, 0.1) ^*b	< 0.01^*a
Vomiting	2 (12.5)	10 (62.5)	0.2 (0.1, 0.8) ^*	< 0.01^*
Seizure	0	0	1.0 (0.1, 7.3) ^b	0.50
Symptoms of hypoperfusion	0	1 (6.3)	0 (0.0, 19.0) ^b	0.50 ^a
Lethargy	0	2 (12.5)	0 (0.0, 3.4) ^b	0.24
Cutaneous areas affected
Perinasal	4 (25.0)	3 (18.8)	1.4 (0.2, 9.1)	0.69
Perioral	13 (81.3)	14 (87.5)	0.9 (0.7, 1.3)	0.33
Scalp	0	0	1.0 (0.1, 7.3) ^b	0.50
Palms/soles	6 (37.5)	13 (81.3)	0.4 (0.2, 0.8) ^*	0.02
Lower limbs	2 (12.5)	9 (56.3)	0.3 (0.1, 1.0) ^*	0.01
Upper limbs	14 (87.5)	13 (81.3)	1.3 (0.4, 4.0)	0.66
Abdomen	0	1 (6.3)	0 (0.0, 19.0) ^b	0.50 ^a
Intraoral erosions	10 (62.5)	16 (100.0)	0.4 (0.2, 0.6) ^*	< 0.01*
Onychomadesis	0	5 (31.3)	0 (0.0, 0.7) ^*	0.02
Complications	0	1 (6.3)	0 (0.0, 19.0) ^b	0.50 ^a

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