Table 1 Variable description
Variables | Question | Response options (coding scheme) |
|---|---|---|
Age | “How old are you?” | “11 years old or younger to 16 or 18 years old or older” |
Sex | “What is your sex?” | “Male, Female” |
Body weight and dietary behaviour | ||
Body weight | “How much do you weigh without your shoes on?” | kg |
Height | “How tall are you without your shoes on?” | cm |
Fruit intake | “During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually eat fruit such as apples, bananas, and oranges?” | “1=I did not eat fruit during the past 30 days to 7=5 or more times per day (coded 1-3=1 and 4-8=0)” |
Vegetable intake | “During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually eat vegetables, such as salads, spinach, eggplant, tomatoes, and cucumbers?” | “I did not eat vegetables during the past 30 days to 7=5 or more times per day (coded 1-4=1 and 5-8=0” |
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour | ||
Physical activity | “Physical activity is any activity that increases your heart rate and makes you get out of breath some of the time. Physical activity can be done in sports, playing with friends, or walking to school. Some examples of physical activity are running, fast walking, biking, dancing, football, swimming, and aerobics. During the past 7 days, on how many days were you physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes per day?” | “0=0 days to 7=7 days (coded 0-6=0 and 7=1)” |
Leisure-time sedentary behaviour | “How much time do you spend during a typical or usual day sitting and watching television, playing computer games, talking with friends, or doing other sitting activities, such as studying or using any electronic devices like IPads?” | “1=less than 1 hour per day; 2=1-2 hrs/day; 3=3-4 hrs/day; 4=5-6 hrs/day; 5=7-8 hrs/day and 6=8 or more hours per day” |
Tobacco use | ||
Current tobacco use | “During the past 30 days, on how many days did you smoke cigarettes/use any tobacco products other than cigarettes, such as Sheesha, Medwakh, chewed tobacco, or electronic cigarettes?” | “1=0 days to 7=All 30 days (coded 1=0 and 2-7=1)” |
Injury and violence | ||
Injury | “During the past 12 months, how many times were you seriously injured?” | “1=0 times to 8=12 or more times (coded 1=0 and 2–8=1)” |
Bullying victimization | “During the past 30 days, on how many days were you bullied?” | “1=0 days to 7=All 30 days (coded 1=0 and 2–7=1)” |
Physically attacked | “During the past 12 months, how many times were you physically attacked?” | “1=0 times to 8=12 or more times (coded 1=0 and 2–8=1)” |
Physical fighting | “During the past 12 months, how many times were you in a physical fight?” | “1=0 times to 8=12 or more times (coded 1=0 and 2–8=1)” |
Oral and hand hygiene | ||
Brushing teeth (≤1 time/day) | “During the past 30 days, how many times per day did you usually clean or brush your teeth?” | “1=never to 6=4 or more times a day (coded 1-3=1 and 4-6=0)” |
Hand washing before eating | “During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands before eating?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–4=1 and 5=0)” |
Hand washing with soap | “During the past 30 days, how often did you use soap when washing your hands?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–4=1 and 5=0)” |
Hand washing after toilet | “During the past 30 days, how often did you wash your hands after using the toilet or latrine?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–4=1 and 5=0)” |
Poor mental health indicators | ||
No close friends | “How many close friends do you have?” | “1 = 0 to 4 = 3 or more (coded 1+=0, 0=1)” |
Loneliness | “During the past 12 months, how often have you felt lonely?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |
Worry-induced sleep disturbance | “During the past 12 months, how often have you been so worried about something that you could not sleep at night?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |
Suicidal ideation | “During the past 12 months, did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?” | “Yes, No” |
Suicide plan | “During the past 12 months, did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?” | “Yes, No” |
Protective factors | ||
Peer support | “During the past 30 days, how often were most of the students in your school kind and helpful?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |
School truancy | “During the past 30 days, on how many days did you miss classes or school without permission?” | “1=0 days to 5=10 or more days (coded 1=0 and 2-5=1)” |
Parental supervision | “During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians check to see if your homework was done?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |
Parental connectedness | “During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians understand your problems and worries?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |
Parental bonding | “During the past 30 days, how often did your parents or guardians really know what you were doing with your free time?” | “1=never to 5=always (coded 1–3=0 and 4–5=1)” |