Neurodevelopmental outcome and respiratory management of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: a retrospective study

Table 4 Results of the odds ratio analysis for factors that were possibly associated with an intellectual disability (i.e., IQ < 75 or attendance in special education classes)

	Number of patients	Intellectual disability	No intellectual disability
	(n = 88, %)			Odds
		n	n		95% confidence interval
	Male/Female			ratio*
With tracheostomy (before 3 months in life)	16 (18) 9/7	4	12	1.00	(Reference)
With tracheostomy (after 3 months in life)	47 (53) 33/14	29	18	3.80	1.00–14.37
Without tracheostomy	25 (28) 12/13	14	11	4.65	1.11–19.37

^aAdjusted for patients’ age and hypoventilation on awakening
Confounding factors included the age of the patients and hypoventilation on awakening, which differed significantly between the treatment groups

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