Congenital heart disease diagnosed with echocardiogram in newborns with asymptomatic cardiac murmurs: a systematic review

Table 2 Summary of the initial screening and additional assessment for cardiac murmurs in asymptomatic newborns

	Initial screening			Additional assessment
Sources	Time	Frequency	Physicians	Time	Physicians
Ainsworth et al. 1999, [28]	≤ 48 h	NP	Neonatologist/obstetrician	Within 24 h after the murmur was heard	Pediatric cardiologist
Rein et al. 2000, [29]	≤ 5 d	Daily	Neonatologist	Median 4 h from request for echocardiogram	Pediatric cardiologist
Azhar et al. 2006, [24]	1–28 d	NP	Neonatologist	NP	Pediatric cardiologist
Mackie et al. 2009, [30]	NP	NP	NP	2–31 days	Pediatric cardiologist
Gokmen et al. 2009, [25]	NP	NP	Pediatrician	On the day of or the day after the initial screening	Pediatric cardiologist
Mirzarahimi et al. 2011, [31]	≤ 24 h	NP	Pediatrician	NP	Pediatric cardiologist
Singh et al. 2012, [32]	NP	NP	Middle grade neonatal trainee	Median age 2 days	Neonatologist
Al-Ammouri et al. 2016, [33]	≤ 48 h	NP	Pediatric resident	≤ 48 h	Pediatric cardiologist
Minocha et al. 2018, [26]	≤ 72 h	NP	NP	≤ 72 h	Pediatric cardiologist
Fenster et al. 2018, [34]	≤ 4 d	NP	NP	Median age 2 days	Pediatric cardiologist
Ceresnak et al. 2007, [35]	2nd day of life	NP	NP	On the day of or the following day after the initial screening	Pediatric cardiologist
Paech et al. 2013, [36]	NP	NP	NP	On the day of or the following day after the initial screening	NP

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